70 
FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY—FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 
Volatile matter .9852 .4480 
Humus .4981 .2550 
Nitrogen .0250 .0090 
Mechanical analysis of same, made by the Bureau of Soils, of the United 
States Department of Agriculture. 
Soil. 
Sub-soil. 
Organic matter . 
.58 per cent 
Gravel, 2 to 1 mm. 
.14 
Trace “ 
Coarse sand, 1 to .5. 
. .. . 2.84 
2.00 
Medium sand, .5 to .25. 
.... 6.72 
6.02 
Fine sand, .25 to .1 mm. 
....73.50 
75.02 
Very fine sand, .1 to .05 mm. ... 
....15.00 
15.84 
Silt, .05 to .005 mm. 
... 0.56 
.32 
Clay, .005 to .0001 mm. 
. . . 1.12 
.30 
OPEN FLATWOODS. 
Another extensive type of country is that which may be desig¬ 
nated as the open flatwoods or pine meadows. This type of country 
has practically no undergbowth other than the heavy mat of grass, 
chiefly wire-grass. The forest is chiefly the long leaf pine and slash 
pine. The streams through this type of country are flat bottomed 
and bordered by a dense swamp growth of hard wood trees of vari¬ 
ous kinds. The land is very level, so much so that drainage is im¬ 
perfect and the land is more or less flooded during the summer rainy 
season. Ditching is necessary in order to drain the land for farm¬ 
ing. The long leaf pine when cut off of this type of land reforests 
itself. The top soil is colored dark by the presence of organic mat¬ 
ter. A few inches beneath the surface the soil becomes dark gray. 
A clay sub-soil may or may not be present and several varieties of 
soil may be distinguished, depending upon the texture of the soil, 
the sub-soil and the drainage conditions. Hardpan is not associated 
with this type of soil. 
Large areas of soil of this type occur in both east and west 
Florida. In Nassau County a large area lying between the Seaboard 
Air Line Kailway on the east and the Atlantic Coast Line on the 
west, reaching to the St. Marys River, is of this type. In Duval 
County a considerable area of this class of soil surrounds Baldwin, 
near the west line of the county. Along the St. Johns River areas 
of this type of soil occur at several places. In west Florida areas of 
this type are extensively developed. When cleared and sufficiently 
drained this type makes desirable farming and trucking land. 
