72 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY—FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT. 
HAMMOCK LANDS. 
The term hammock is applied to lands having a heavy growth of 
trees or shrubs among which usually the deciduous or hard-wood 
trees predominate, although a dense growth of pine is frequently 
classed as hammock. The hammocks include several distinct types 
of soil, and although not extensive in area, are important agricul¬ 
turally. 
CALCAREOUS HAMMOCK. . 
The calcareous hammock lands are underlaid at a depth not ex¬ 
ceeding a few feet by some form of calcareous deposits, as marl, lime¬ 
stone, shell rock or shells. The native vegetation in the calcareous 
hammocks includes usually a variety of plants adapted to a calcare¬ 
ous soil. Among these are many hard-wood trees and shrubs, and 
where sufficiently moist the cabbage palmetto. The limestone, marl 
or shell, as the case may be, often lies practically at the surface or 
is covered by only a thin layer of soil. Such soils are fertile and 
lasting, and are well* adapted to trucking crops. 
Some extensive hammocks underlaid by limestone are found 
along the gulf coast in Hernando, Citrus, Levy, Lafayette, Taylor, 
Jefferson and Wakulla Counties. The hammocks in Wakulla and 
Jefferson Counties are underlaid by the Chattahoochee limestone 
The more extensive hammocks of Levy, Citrus and Hernando Coun¬ 
ties are underlaid by the Vicksburg limestone. Hammocks resting 
upon the Vicksburg are found in the interior of the State in 
Alachua, Marion and Sumter Counties. 
An extensive line of calcareous hammock land underlaid chiefly by 
shell marl and shell rock is found bordering the Atlantic coast almosi 
continuously for a distance of some 200 miles. This east coast ham¬ 
mock rests chiefly upon and is caused by the coquina shell rock and 
marl. In the vicinity of Ormond, Daytona and New Smyrna this 
hammock belt reaches a width of from one to three miles. Another 
considerable development of the hammock is found a short distance 
north of Titusville. In these localities the hammock is known as 
Turnbull’s hammock, being a part of the Turnbull grant made 
during the days of English rule. At Rockledge is seen another excel¬ 
lent development of the hammock belt immediately bordering the 
coast. 
The Caloosahatchee River and some of its tributaries is bordered 
by calcareous hammock land, the formation giving rise to the ham¬ 
mock being the Caloosahatchee marl of Pliocene age. Many smaller 
calcareous hammocks occur throughout the State. 
