52 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY—NINTH ANNUAL REPORT. 
not so broad as in the deer they were compared with. In the cases 
of the fourth and fifth lumbars only unimportant differences are 
seen on comparison with the corresponding bones of the Virginian 
deer. The processes are, however, all of slenderer build in the 
fossil. The transverse processes of the fifth are preserved, except 
the extremities. They are slenderer even than those of the sixth 
lumbar of O. virginianus and they are directed outward and but 
little forward. 
On the two hinder dorsal vertebrae and on the lumbars of the 
deer found at Vero there is a structure which appears in none of 
the existing deer at hand, except the specimen which has here been 
used for comparison, No. 199510, of the U. S. National Museum. 
Usually the prezygapophysis bends inward like a hook and clasps 
the postzygapophysis of the vertebra in front. In the case of the 
fossil, a process on each side, mesiad of the hinder zygapophysial 
articulation, grows up and, bending outward, overlaps the hook 
mentioned/producing an articular surface on the end of the latter. 
The vertebrae are thus more firmly interlocked. On plate 3, figure 
6, there is presented a view of the hinder end of the third lumbar. 
This arrangement is found well developed on the eleventh dorsal, 
No. 7591, found on the north side of the canal, 100 feet west of the 
railroad track, and on all of the lumbars; for the anterior zyga- 
pophyses of the first vertebra of the sacrum have, each a smooth 
surface above. The extra process is weakly developed or missing 
in only rare cases. In the specimen of 0 . virginianus mentioned the 
same structure appears on the eleventh dorsal and continues on the 
lumbars, disappearing on the fourth. From the materials at hand 
it is judged that the arrangement described was more strongly 
developed than in the existing kinds of deer. It is, however, 
observed in some other artiodactyls and possibly has no great signi¬ 
ficance in the Florida fossil deer. 
Among the 50 bones, mentioned is a finely preserved sacrum 
which may well have belonged to the same individual deer as did 
the three lumbar vertebrae described above. The length of the 
bone in a straight line is 97 mm., while that of a buck of 0 . virgin¬ 
ianus is 112 mm. The width across the front is 78 mm.; that in 
the buck mentioned, 94 mm. The sacrum of 0 . virginianus is thus 
relatively somewhat broader. Also the distance across the prezy- 
gapophysial articulation is relatively considerably greater, being 43 
per cent, of the length of the sacrum, while in 0. sellar dsiae it is only 
