VERTEBRATA AT VERO. 
59 
based on a first upper molar. This molar differed from that of the 
red fox in its proportions, the transverse diameter of the two being 
the same, but the anteroposterior diameter of the fossil tooth exceed¬ 
ing that of the red fox. Inasmuch as an upper tooth only of the 
Port Kennedy animal is known and lower teeth only of the one from 
Florida, it is not practicable to make a close comparison between 
them. 
C'ANIS RIVIVERONIS, NEW SPECIES. 
Canis latrans? Sellards, E. H., 1916, Science n. s., Vol. XLIV., p. 17; 
Jour. Geology, Vol. XXV., p. 617; 8th Ann. Rep. Fla. Geol. Surv., pp. 157, 158, 
pi. XXVIII., fig. 2; text-fig. 15. 
Type specimen. —A part of a right maxilla, No. 7036 of the 
collection of the Florida Geological Survey, containing the fourth 
premolar and the sockets of the third premolar and of both molars. 
Type locality. —Vero, Florida. 
Type formation.— Stratum No. 3 of the Pleistocene deposit at 
Vero, Florida. 
Diagnosis. —Third upper premolar in a line with the fourth. 
The fourth relatively short; its anterior inner cusp prominent. 
Molars broad. 
This maxilla certainly represents a coyote, but not C. latrans. 
Nor is it that of an Indian dog or one of the larger wolves. The 
prominence of the anterior inner cusp of the carnassial tooth puts 
the animal with the coyotes and removes it from the domestic dogs 
and large wolves. In the specimen from Florida, as in the coyotes, 
the third premolar is in a line with the fourth; while in the dogs and 
in Canis occidentalism in nearly every case, the third premolar makes 
an angle with the fourth. This is owing to the fact that in the 
domestic dogs and the large wolves the width of the jaws decreases 
rapidly to the front of pm 4 and then begins to narrow less rapidly. 
In the coyotes the change is made in front of pm 3 . 
This fossil differs from the near relatives of C. latrans in having 
the anterior lobe of the carnassial relatively shorter. The meas¬ 
urement is made from the front of the tooth to the bottom of the 
notch behind the main cusp. In the fossil this forms 61 per cent, 
of the length of the tooth. In four specimens of the existing 
coyotes this was 63.1; 62.8; 63.1; 64 per cent. However in the 
specimen of C. latrans of the following table, No. 38462 of the 
