FOSSIL PLANTS FROM VERO. 
31 
Leitneria floridana? Vitis sp. 
Quercus chapmani? Benzoin cf melissaefolium. 
Brasenia purpurea. Viburnum cf dentatum. 
Of these Leitneria floridana is a very local form not found 
nearer than the Apalachicola River, and the chief center of growth 
of Quercus chapmani is also in west Florida, while the true Vi¬ 
burnum dentatum does not occur nearer than the upland region of 
Georgia. 
Finally, the Vero deposits have yielded a fruit probably identical 
with similar remains from the late Pleistocene of New Jersey rep¬ 
resenting an entirely extinct species of Zizyphus, a genus abundant: 
in southeastern North America during the Tertiary, but not now 
represented except by a single species of the arid southwest (Texas 
to Arizona). 
Two of the fossil species have been recorded from the Pliocene. 
These are Tax odium distichum and Magnolia virginiana. One, 
Quercus virginiana, is found in the early Pleistocene of both Ken¬ 
tucky and Alabama and the following occur in the late Pleistocene: 
Pinus taeda. Acer rubrum. 
Taxodium distichum. Zizyphus sp. 
Quercus virginiana. Viburnum nudum. 
Brasenia purpurea. 
These latter, while they constitute but 26 per cent of the known 
fossil flora at Vero, are especially significant in connection with the 
fact that they all occur elsewhere in the physiographically youngest 
of the Pleistocene terrace deposits, namely, the Talbot of New 
Jersey and Maryland, the Chowan of North Carolina and the cor¬ 
responding lowest terrace at several localities in Alabama, while the 
Vero deposits constitute the youngest physiographic terrace plain 
of the region and are referred to the Pensacola terrace by Matson 
(O- • ' 
In my judgment and in the ordinary acceptance of that term, 
this flora is unquestionably of late Pleistocene age. 
Regarding its bearing on the interesting problem of the age of 
the human and associated mammalian and other remains at Vero, 
my study of the locality furnishes the following conclusions. The 
(1) Matson, G. C., U. S. Geol. Surv., Water Supply Paper 319, pp. 31-35, 1913. 
