PLEISTOCENE AT VERO, FLORIDA. 
143 
two species believed to be extinct, become distinctly more numerous 
in stratum No. 3. To assume, that well preserved bird bones are 
secondary, especially when found more abundantly than in the 
deposits from which they are supposed to have been derived, is con¬ 
trary both to expectation and to experience in the field. The prog¬ 
ress of collecting has brought to light successive additional speci¬ 
mens of the extinct turtles of this deposit, either in the form of 
undisturbed carapaces or of bone.s associated in such a way as to 
indicate primary fossils. 
Dr. Chamberlin’s second hypothesis involves referring all the 
human remains found to stratum No. 3. The position of the 
human bones first discovered has been fully described. They lay 
beneath a heavy ledge of fresh water marl, which is now believed 
to be the equivalent of stratum No. 3. Their position is in the 
brown sands, which are believed to represent stratum No. 2. This 
ledge of rock itself, as noted, contains at least one extinct vertebrate 
species (p. 81). Some of the bones from the second locality at 
which human bones were found, which were collected by the writer, 
seem certainly to come from the brown sands of stratum No. 2. 
One of the flint spalls likewise was found in place and was very 
definitely in the light brown sand of stratum No. 2. All of this, 
however, has been fully recorded and indicates, the writer believes, 
that stratum No. 2 contains human bones and artifacts. The accu¬ 
mulated evidence that stratum No. 3 in which human remains and 
artifacts are so abundant is itself of the Pleistocene period, adds 
materially to the probability that the human remains extend, as the 
recorded discoveries indicate, through the deposit as a whole. 
