DISCUSSION BY COUNTIES 
NASSAU COUNTY. 
LOCATION AND SURFACE FEATURES. 
Nassau County lies bordering the Atlantic Ocean in extreme 
northeastern Florida. The St. Marys River, taking its source in 
Okefinokee and other swamps along the Florida-Georgia boun¬ 
dary line, after flowing south and southeast until approximately 
on a parallel with the mouth of the St. Johns River, turns abrupt¬ 
ly and flows directly north for a distance of 30 miles. From this 
point the river flows slightly south of east to the Atlantic. Nas¬ 
sau County occupies the northern and western part of the peninsu¬ 
la-like extension of Florida formed by the northward bend of 
this river, the northern and western boundaries of the county be¬ 
ing formed by the river. 
The surface is in general level or rolling. The highest ele¬ 
vation found within the county is near the western side where a 
flat topped ridge extends north and south lying only a few miles 
distant from the St. Marys River. Towns lying on this ridge 
are as follows: Boulogne, elevation 70 feet; Hilliard, elevation 66 
feet; Crawford, elevation 85 feet; Kent, elevation 70 feet. 
Some places on this ridge may exceed 100 feet in elevation. 
Aside from this ridge no points are recorded in Nassau County 
having an elevation reaching 50 feet. 
That part of the county east of this ridge, including fully two 
thirds of the county, is lower in elevation and is prevailingly of the 
open flatwoods type of soil. 
WATER-BEARING FORMATIONS. 
Up to the present time the identification of the age and char¬ 
acter of the different strata encountered in drilling in Nassau Coun¬ 
ty has been difficult owing to the fact that no complete set of well 
samples from any well in this county has been obtained. From 
an incomplete set of samples from the J. R. Wilson well at Calla¬ 
han, kindly saved by the driller, Mr. H. C. Russell, it is seen that 
limestone was encountered at a depth of from 212 to 255 feet. 
The limestone was very hard and massive and no fossils were ob¬ 
served in the sample. Just above this stratum of rock is reported 
a twelve foot layer of sand and black pebbles and in fact these 
black pebbles were seen imbedded in the underlying limestone. 
