270 
FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY—THIRD ANNUAL REPORT. 
On the sandy shores, just above the reach of the waves, the 
ordinary or river cypress, Taxodium distichum f is sometimes found, 
together with Spartina Bakeri, Juncus scirpoides compositus, or 
Ludwigia suifruticosci. 
In the sheltered coves, which have not yet been closed up by 
sand-bars, the following plants grow in the deepest parts, in or 
near the open water. 
Nymphaea macrophylla (bonnets) 
Vallisneria spiralis (eel-grass) (un¬ 
der water) 
Cladium effusum (saw grass) 
Ponte deria cor data (wampee) 
Castalia odorata (white water-lily) 
Sagittaria lancifolia 
Hydrocotyle Bonariensisf 
Castalia odorata gig ante a 
Panicum geminatum (a grass) 
Panicum hemitomon (maiden cane) 
Lemna sp. 
Typha latifolia (cat-tail) 
Cicuta Curtissii 
Sambucus Canadensis (elder) 
Scirpus Cubensis (introduced) 
Habenaria repens (an orchid) 
Jussiaea Peruviana (introduced) 
Acnida australis (careless) 
Carex comosa 
Scirpus validus (bulrush) 
Cyperus Haspan 
Ceratophyllum demersum (under 
water) 
Utricularia sp. (floating) 
Panicum gibbum (a grass) 
In the marshes back from the water’s edge, on top of several 
feet of peat, the following herbs are found. (Plate 26). 
Cladium effusum (saw-grass) 
Sagittaria lancifolia 
Acnida australis (careless) 
Spartina Bakeri (a large grass) 
Erianthus sp. (a tall grass) 
Pontederia cor data (wampee) 
Triadenum Virginicum 
Gerardia linifolia 
Polygonum hirsutum? 
Hydrocotyle sp. 
Isnardia sp. 
Jussiaea Peruviana (introduced) 
Eupatorium capillifolium (dog-fen¬ 
nel) 
Andropogon glomeratusf (a grass) 
Ludwigia alata 
Eupatorium serotinum 
Solidago fistulosa (golden-rod) 
Castalia odorata (white water-lily) 
(stunted) 
In these marshes, which often cover hundreds of acres, the 
saw-grass is usually more abundant than all other vegetation com¬ 
bined. The peat is sometimes ten feet deep or more, and the upper 
layers are apt to be rather coarse and fibrous, perhaps because saw- 
grass does not decay as readily as some other plants. Analyses will 
be found under localities 18, 19, and 23. 
