TEANSLATOR’S PREFACE. 
Having been hononreci by a request from Baron Nordenskiold 
that I would undertake the translation of the work in which 
he gives an account of the voyage by which the N’orth-East 
Passage was at last achieved, and Asia and Europe circum¬ 
navigated for the first time, I have done my best to reproduce 
in English the sense of the Swedish original as faithfully as 
possible, and at the same time to preserve the style of the 
author as far as the varying idioms of the two languages 
permit. 
I have to thank twm ladies for the help they kindly gave 
me in reading proofs, and my friend Herr GusTAF LindstrOm, 
for valuable assistance rendered in various ways. 
Where not otherwise indicated, temperature is stated in 
degrees of the Centrigrade or Celsius thermometer. Longi¬ 
tude is invariably reckoned from the meridian of Greenwich. 
Where distance is stated in miles without qualification, the 
miles are Swedish (one of which is equal to 6'6-f English 
miles), except at page 372, Vol. I., where the geographical 
square miles are German, each equal to sixteen English 
geographical square miles. 
Cue URy vale, Ab i<:udeen, 
‘21 th Xovcmhcr, 1881. 
ALEX. LESLIE. 
