172 
THE VOYAGE OF THE VEGA. 
[chap. 
between “ Pechorskoie Zauorot and Mongozei/’ which is annexed 
to the letter of Richard Finch to Sir Thomas Smith, already 
quoted (Purchas, iii. p. 539). The name is clearly derived 
from the old name, Jugaria, for the land lying south of the sound, 
and it is said, for instance, in the map to Herberstein’s work, 
to have its name from the Hungarians, who are supposed to 
derive their origin from these regions. The first Dutch north¬ 
east explorers called it Vaygats Sound or Fretum Nassovicum. 
More recent geographers call it also Pet’s Strait which is in¬ 
correct, as Pet-did not sail through it. 
There was at first no special name for the gulf between the 
Taimur peninsula aud Novaya Zemlya. The name ‘'Carska 
Bay ” however is to be found already in the information about 
sailing to the north-east, communicated to the Muscovie Companie 
by its principal factor, Antonie Marsh (Purchas, iii. p. 805). 
At first this name was applied only to the estuary of the Kara 
river, but it was gradually transferred to the whole of the 
neighbouring sea, whose oldest Samoyed name, also derived 
from a river, was in a somewhat Russianised form, “Keremskoe” 
(compare Purchas, iii. p. 805, Witsen, p. 017). I shall in the 
following part of this work comprehend under the name Kara 
Sea” the whole of that gulf which from 77° N.L. between Cape 
Chelyuskin and the northern extremity of Novaya Zemlya extends 
towards the south to the north coast of Europe and Asia. 
Captain Palander gives the following directions for sailing 
through the sound between Vaygats Island and the main¬ 
land :— 
As Yugor Straits are difficult to discover far out at sea, good 
solar observations ought to be taken on approaching them, where 
such can be had, and after these the course is to be shaped 
in the middle of the strait, preferably about N.E. by the compass. 
On coming nearer land (three to four ICnglish miles) one dis¬ 
tinguishes the straits with ease. Afterwards there is nothing 
else to observe than on entering to keep right in the middle ol 
the fairway. 
