IV.] 
EXCURSION TO BELT OSTROV. 
201 
plants are represented by only 17 species, all small and stnnted,^ 
most of them rising only some few lines above the sand. Very 
few plants reached a height of 15 centimetres. XTo 'kind of 
willow was found, nor any flower seen of any other colour than 
green or white. 
'' The lichen-flora too was scanty. NTo species showed any 
great luxuriance, and seldom did the black and white lichen- 
crust produce any ' apothecium.’ The lichen-vegetation was 
most abundant on the driftwood of the beach and on the tufts 
in the marshes. The larger lichens, as the reindeer and Iceland 
lichens, occurred very sparingly. About 80 species were found. 
The land evertebrates were so sparingly represented, that only 
three diptera, one species of hymenoptera, and some insect larvae 
and spiders could be collected. Only podurse were found in 
great abundance; they completely covered the whole ground at 
the beach. 
‘‘ Several herds of reindeer were seen, but we did not succeed 
in getting within range of them. A little fish of the Cottus 
family was caught by ATordquist in a ditch which was in connec¬ 
tion with the sea. Driftwood still fresh was found in great 
abundance, and farther up on land here and there lay a more 
rotten stem. 
'' Bain and fog rendered impossible any determination of 
position. During night we went across the sound and anchored 
about an English mile and a half from the shore of Yalmal, 
right opposite some Samoyed tents which we discovered a little 
inland. In the same unfavourable weather as that of the day 
before we attempted to land there, but found the water too 
shallow. First pretty far to the east we succeeded in reaching 
the beach at a place where the land rose out of the sea with a 
steep bank about nine metres high. Above the bank, which 
consisted of loose clay, we found a plain with the appearance of 
1 The collections made here were after our return determined by Dr. 
Kjellman, who has communicated the following list; 
Saxifraga stellaris L. 
,, cernua L. 
„ rivularis L. 
Cochlearia fenestrata R. Be. 
Stellaria humifusa Rottb. 
Sagina nivalis Fr. 
Arctophila pendulina (LiEST.) Ands. 
Catabrosa algida (Sol.) Fr. 
Dupontia Fisheri R. Br. 
Aira csespitosa L. 
Hierochloa pauciflora R. Br. 
Eriophorum russeolum Fr. 
„ Scheuchzeri Hoppe. 
Carex salina Wg. 
,, ursina Desv. 
Luzula hyperborea R. Br. 
„ arctica Bl. 
