VI.] 
MACK’S VOYAGE, 1871. 
299 
Also in 1871 a number of walrus-hunters made remarkable 
voyages in the Kara Sea. Of these, however, only one, Mack, 
in the schooner Pole Star, penetrated eastwards farther than all 
his predecessors. On the 14th June he sailed into the Kara 
Sea through the Kara Port, but found the sea still covered with 
continuous fast ice, from I'S to 2 metres in thickness. He 
therefore turned and sailed northwards along the west coast of 
Novaya Zemlya to the Gulf Stream Islands (76'" 10' N.L.), 
where he remained till the 8rd of August. The temperature 
of the air rose here to + 10"-5. The name, which the Norwegian 
walrus-hunters have given these islands, owes its origin to the 
large number of objects from southern seas which the Gulf 
Stream carries with it thither, as floats from the Norwegian 
fisheries, rvith their owner’s marks frequently recognisable by 
the walrus-hunters—beans of Pntada gigalolmm from the West 
Indies, pumice-stone from Iceland, fragments of wrecked vessels, 
&c. On the 3rd of August Mack passed the northernmost 
promontory of Novaya Zemlya. Hence he sailed into the Kara 
Sea, where at first he fell in with ice. Farther on, however, the 
ice disappeaied .completely, and Mack on the 12th of September 
reached 75'" 25' N.L. and 82'" 30' E.L. (Greenwich) accord¬ 
ing to Petermann, but 81'" II' Long, according to the Tromsce 
Stiftstidende. He returned through Yugor Schar, which was 
passed on the 26th September.^ The same year E. Johannesen, 
after long endeavouring without success to make his way into 
the Kara Sea through the southern strait, sailed northwards 
along the west coast of Novaya Zemlya, and did not leave Cape 
Nassau until the 15th October. 
which the skipper and six men were saved by Johannesen, yet by no 
means so that Torkildsen, as is stated by Petermann, had the least com¬ 
mand of the vessel that saved him. (Cf. Tromsoe Stiftstidende, 1871, 
No. 23.) 
I Tromsoe Stiftsiklende,l%l\,So. 83; Petermann’s 1872, 
p. 384. 
