80 
THE VOYAGE OF THE VEGA. 
[chap. 
With reference to the other travellers whose writings are 
usually quoted as sources for a knowledge of the Chukches, it 
may be mentioned that Stellek and Krascheninnikov only 
touch in passing on the true Chukches, but instead give very 
instructive and detailed accounts of the Koryaks, who are as 
nearly allied to the Chukches as the Spaniards to the Portuguese, 
but yet differ considerably in their mode of life; also that 
a part of these authors’ statements regarding the Chukches do 
not at all refer to that tribe, but to the Eskimo. It appears 
indeed that recently, after the former national emnity had 
ceased, mixed races have arisen among these tribes. But it 
ought not to be forgotten that they differ widely in origin, 
although the Chukches as coming at a later date to the coast 
of the Polar Sea have adopted almost completely the hunting 
implements and household furniture of the Eskimo; and the 
Eskimo again, in the districts where they come in contact with 
the Chukches, have adopted various things from their language. 
Like the Lapps and most other European and Asiatic Polar 
races, the Chukches fall into two divisions speaking the same 
language and belonging to the same race, but differing con¬ 
siderably in their mode of life. One division consists of reindeer 
nomads, who, with their often very numerous reindeer herds, 
wander about between Behring’s Straits, and the Indigirka 
and the Penschina Bays. They live by tending reindeer and 
by trade, and consider themselves the chief part of the Chukch 
tribe. The other division of the race are the coast Chukches, 
who do not own any reindeer, but live in fixed but easily 
moveable and frequently moved tents along the coast between 
Chaun Bay and Behring’s Straits. But beyond East Cape there 
is found along the coast of Behring’s Sea another tribe, nearly 
allied to the Eskimo. This is Wrangel’s Onhilon, Liitke’s 
Namollo. Now, however, Chukches also have settled at several 
points on this line of coast, and a portion of the Eskimo have 
adopted the language of the superior Chukch race. Thus the 
