104 
THE VOYAGE OF THE VEGA. 
[chap. XII. 
often used as a spoon, and after it is finished, a bowl filled with 
newly-passed urine instead of water is handed round the 
company for washing the hands. Change of clothes takes place 
seldom, and even when the outer dress is clean, new and well 
cut, of carefully-chosen beautiful skins, the under-dress is very 
dirty, and vermin numerous enough, though less so than might 
have been expected. Food is often eaten in a way which we 
consider disgusting, a titbit, for instance, is 
passed-from mouth to mouth. The vessels 
in which food is served are used in many 
ways and seldom cleaned. On the other 
hand it may be stated that, in order not to 
make a stay in the confined tent-chamber 
too uncomfortable, certain rules are strictly 
observed. Thus, for instance, it is not per¬ 
mitted in the interior of the tent to spit on 
the floor, but this must be done into a vessel 
which in case of necessity is used as a night- 
utensil. In every outer tent there lies a 
specially carved reindeer horn, with which 
snow is removed from the clothes ; the outer 
jpesk is usually put off before one goes into 
the inner tent and the shoes are carefully 
freed from snow. The carpet of walrus- 
skin, which covers the floor of the inner 
tent, is accordingly dry and clean. Even 
the outer tent is swept clean and free from 
loose snow, and the snow is daily shovelled 
away from the tent doors with a spade of whalebone. Every 
article both in the outer and inner tent is laid in its proper 
place, and so on. 
As ornaments glass beads are principally used, some of them 
being suspended from the neck and ears, others sewed upon 
the hood and other articles of dress, or plaited into the hair. 
a. HUNTING CUP (sucking 
tube). (One-fourth of 
the natural size.) 
h. SNOW-SCRAPEB. (One- 
eighth of the natural 
size.) 
