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Wisconsin Academy of Sciences , Arts and Letters. 
terrace it is scarcely half that distance, and I am not certain bnt that 
the terrace may find occasional development along the face of the bold 
escarpment south of Lake Erie, as far east as the western terminus of 
the moraine. But should the gap between the moraine and the beach 
prove to be five or even ten miles, it would not follow that they cannot 
be correlated with each other, for the position of the boundary between 
the ice-sheet and the lake may have oscillated through a distance as 
great as this gap, during the course of the period in which the moraine 
and beach were forming. The failure or disappearance of the beach 
necessitates an explanation, and the only probable one yet found, is 
that the ice-sheet excluded the lake from the eastern portion of the 
basin, and the disappearance of this moraine near the eastern end of the 
beach, though it does not connect as closely with the beach as do earlier 
moraines with their correlative beaches, leaves no reasonable room for 
doubt that it is the correlative of the Belmore beach. 
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. 
From the data abov^e presented it appears that Lake Erie in its earlier 
stages was but a small body of water, its size being conditional on the 
position of the retreating ice-sheet, and the height of the western rim of 
the basin it occupied. It at first occupied only a portion of the district 
between the outlet and the western end of the present lake, the remain¬ 
der of the basin, including the whole of the area of the present lake, 
being occupied by the ice-sheet. Its south and north shores were then 
at the Van Wert ridge, while its eastern border was at the Blanchard 
moraine. At the time of the formation of the Leipsic and Belmore 
beaches the area of the lake was nearly as great as the present area of 
Lake Erie, though it occupied but little of the present bed of the lake. 
From the phenomena attending the replacement of the three beaches 
in Ohio by moraines, we are led to suspect that the two later beaches 
which die away in southwestern New York are there connected with mo¬ 
raines, and that similar moraines will be found to connect with the 
beaches of Lake Ontario at points where they disappear on its eastern 
and northern borders. 
Differential uplift was slight in the western Erie basin compared with 
what it was in the eastern Erie basin and the Ontario, and on the shores 
of Lake Huron and Georgian Bay. The data at hand indicate that it 
amounts to scarcely more than ten feet in the whole area of the portion 
of the Erie basin west of Cleveland, and has therefore played an insigni¬ 
ficant part in causing the three stages of the lake herein described. 
The bulk of the moraines is many times that of the beach deposits’ 
though no longer time was involved in their deposition. The ice-sheet was, 
therefore, a much more efficient transporting agency than the lake waves. 
The extreme scarcity of evidence of life in these waters is a feature 
quite accordant with the theory deduced from the relation of the beaches 
to the moraines, that the lake was of glacial age. 
