Ornithology of Northern Africa. 421 
None remain during the summer, though B. flava breeds in 
the Atlantic district. 
69. Anthus campestris. (Tawny Pipit.) 
Abundant on the Hauts Plateaux. Not seen further south. 
70. Anthus pratensis. (Meadow Pipit.) 
71. Anthus arboreus. (Tree Pipit.) 
Both obtained apparently on passage, the former in large, 
the latter in smaller flocks throughout the winter. 
72. Otocorys bilopha. (Desert Horned Lark.) Temm. PI. 
Col. 241. fig. 1. 
This elegant and singularly-marked bird is by no means abun¬ 
dant anywhere in the Desert, but may occasionally be met with 
in parties of five or six on gravelly slopes,—never, so far as my 
observation goes, in the sandy districts. I have found it not far 
from the dayats. Heuglin’s remark is, “ It is certainly only a 
variety of Alauda alpestris. I found it only in Arabia Petrsea 
in summer. In winter it did not occur to me there.” (Vog. Nord- 
ost Afrik. p. 43.) This was also the impression of the in¬ 
formant of Capt. Loche, on whose authority O. alpestris is men¬ 
tioned as Algerian. My experience so far differs from Dr. 
Heuglin's, that I found the bird throughout the winter, the 
labels on my specimens ranging from November to March, in 
localities precisely similar to Arabia Petrsea. There is a con¬ 
siderable difference in size between the two species, my series of 
O. hilopha rarely exceeding 5J inches in length, and the length 
of wing 3*8 inches, while O. alpestris is usually 7 inches in 
length, and the wing from carpal joint 4^ inches. The black 
tufts of feathers or horns extend in the male *9 inch behind the 
eyes, which considerably exceeds the length of the corresponding 
tuft in any specimens I have seen of 0. alpestris in the breeding- 
season ; and though the relative distribution of the plumage is 
similar in both birds, yet the coloration is of so very distinct a 
hue that it is difficult for me to believe in the identity of the 
species. There is not a trace of yellow in the plumage of 
0. bilopha , its place being supplied by the purest white ; and the 
whole upper plumage, scapulars, and wing-coverts are of a uni¬ 
form rich isabel colour, paler than in any other Desert-lark, except 
