Part I.] Pearson: Seasoning of some Indian Timbers. IT 
and on the surface which, in his opinion, is the reason for such timber 
being immune from insect attack. 
“ S ” clamps were attached to some of the B. G. sleepers prepared 
from green logs ; in Bawalpindi the sleepers, with or without such clamps, 
were in much the same condition, while in Kangra, those fitted with 
these clamps were considerably more split than those without. 
(d) General remarks. —Chir timber, and especially that from the 
Eastern zone, is very liable to warp. Converting the material from 
green logs certainly reduces the tendency to do so (see Forest Bulletin 
No. 37 of 1917, on “ Contraction and Warping of Pinus longi/olia 
timber ”). To further obviate this tendency to warp, sleepers, scantlings 
and boards should be stacked in piles built up as high as practicable 
in order to take every advantage of weighting the timber. 
(24) Pterocarpus Marsupium (Appendix IV-24). 
(a) Locality where tested. —Sambalpur, Bihar and Orissa ; North 
Division, Kanara, Bombay ; and South Chanda Division, Central Pro¬ 
vinces. 
(b) Best method of seasoning. —By converting green logs into planks 
and scantlings, which should be immersed in water for 6 weeks in the 
case of running water and up to 4 months, if stagnant, ipllowed by sea¬ 
soning on land for 12 months, in well-stacked open piles, if possible under 
cover. 
(c) Other methods of seasoning. —The next best results were obtained 
by converting green logs, not followed by immersion in water. Seasoning 
in the log on land, or by first immersing the logs in water, did not result 
in excessive splitting, though this defect was more marked in the case of 
logs without than with bark on. Seasoning by any method in the log 
renders the timber very liable to bad discolouration, which is nearly 
entirely overcome by immersing converted material in water. 
(d) General remarks. —The timber is liable to be faulty in the centre * 
and, therefore, when converting logs, the cor e, viz., a 4"x4" rafter, 
should first be cut out. One of the great defects of this timber is the 
objectionable colouring matter, which debars its use for furniture and 
other purposes. Water seasoning of converted material overcomes this 
difficulty to a large extent. In order to ascertain the effect of immer¬ 
sion on timber experimented with at Sambalpur, shavings were cut out 
of (i) planks which had been immersed in water for 4 months, and subse¬ 
quently seasoned on land, (ii) planks cut from logs which had been 
immersed for 4 months and subsequently seasoned on land and (iii) 
planks cut from logs seasoned on land. To the three samples of 
shavings equal parts of water were added and each gently warmed and 
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