Part Y] Beeson : Larvae and Life Histories of Prionine Beetles. 3 
distinct; coxal lobe large, surrounded by large hypopleurum; 
mesotkoracic spiracle protruding into prothorax. 
Lateral zone of abdomen protuberant only on last three segments; 
kypoleurum distinct; parascutal and coxal lobes large; spiracle 
in a well defined, elliptical region. Ambulatory ampullae 
bearing two transverse dorsal impressions and one ventral 
impression. 
Ninth abdominal segment large, extended, never telescoped within 
the eighth.” 
An examination of the anatomical structure of a few Indian species of 
Prionini indicates that this group is not completely defined by the 
characters summarised above. Schi^dte appears to have based his defini¬ 
tion almost exclusively on the structure of Prionus coriarius although he 
states, loc cit } page 398, that other species of prionine larvae from India, 
Borneo and South America do not differ from Prionus coriarius except 
in details of the sculpture of the head, formation of the ambulatory 
ampullae and other characters of minor importance. Webb and Craig¬ 
head base their results on the larvae of North American Cerambycidae, 
the latter describing some 15 species of Prioninae. 
As far as the Indian species examined by the writer have shown, the 
principal differences affect the shape of the head, epistoma and labrum 
and the disposition of the occipital foramen and tentorium. 
The descriptions given by Heller, 1904, of larvae of the genera 
Parandra , Ctenoscelis , Mallodon , Polyoza from Brazil and a species eE 
XixutJinos from K 6 Island, show similar points of difference when com* 
pared with larvae from Europe and North America. 
For example, the head in the genera Parandra , Mallodon } PolyoZa y 
Xixuthrus , Macrotoma , Bemjo7ian y Logaeus is not transverse but as long 
as broad, and even longer than broad. 
The labrum is variable in form, e.g. y lancet-shaped, transversely 
elliptical, orbicular. 
The epistoma does not project over the clypeus in Parandra , 
Macrotoma. (*) 
The sides of the epicranium are fused for the whole dorsal surface of 
the head in Macrotoma and there is therefore no dorsal emargination. 
It is evident that in respect to the above-mentioned characters the 
Prionini closely approach the AseminL 
With regard to the two openings of the occipital foramen it is evident 
in all the larvae examined by the writer and in the Brazilian species 
1 This is also the case in certain species of prionine larvae from Africa as Craighead has 
pointed out, 1915, page 13. 
[ 99 1 
