3 
Part VII] Beeson : Life History of Toon Borer. 
at Alipur, in the Western Duars, at Nilambur, in Madras, and in Ceylon 
(on the authority of Thwaites). 
Indian Museum Notes, Vol. II, p. 16 records that this species was 
“ extremely injurious to the toon trees which line the roads in Dehra 
Dun ” during 1880-91, and notes that nothing is known of its life- 
history beyond the fact that moths were reared in Ceylon in October 
from larvae pupating in September. [Cotes, 1891 (a) and 1891 (&).] 
In June 1893 the pest was noticed in large numbers at Roorkee, 
U. P. [Cotes, 1896, p. 66], so that “ every toon tree in the station was 
covered with matted silk from base to top.” 
The Indian Forester for September, 1899, [Coventry, 1899, pp. 
366-370] contains an account of the life-history of the pest by B. 0. 
Coventry as observed by him at Changa Manga, Lahore Division, Punjab. 
Mr. Coventry’s observations represent the first serious attempt to work 
out the life-history and habits of the pest. He was the first to show 
that the borer of toon fruits and the borer of young shoots are the 
same species, but his interpretation of the seasonal history as a cycle 
of two generations we now know to be incorrect, (vide p. 62). 
In 1902, E. P. Stebbing published an account of the life-history of 
the pest [Stebbing, 1902, pp. 312-317], which beyond querying Coven¬ 
try’s observations added nothing to the existing information on the 
species. 
A record of the occurrence of the pest at Champaran, Bengal, in 
June and August, 1901, is given in Indian Museum Notes V, [Stebbing, 
1903]. 
A short account of Hypsipyla robustci is given on p. 136 of the Manual 
of Forest Zoology [Stebbing, 1908], but it is erroneously assumed that 
the seasonal history consists of two generations. 
In Indian Insect Life [Lefroy, 1909, p. 514], fig. 331, p. 495 which 
illustrates the larva and moth of Hypsipyla robusta is assigned in error 
to Cossus cadambce. 
It will be observed that since 1899 nothing has been added to our 
knowledge of the life-history of this pest in India, apart from the results 
of research carried out at this Institute in 1914-16. 
The Report of the Resolutions, Proceedings, and Debates of the 
Interstate Conference on Forestry held at Perth, Western Australia, in 
November 1917. includes (pp. 94-95) an account of the enemies of the 
Red Cedar, Cedrela australis. (See also Queensland Forestry Bulletin, 
No. 3, pt. 1, pp. 14-15). It is stated that “ the formation of Cedar 
plantations on a large scale cannot be justified until sufficient time 
has elapsed to determine to what extent the young saplings will 
outgrow the damage, or until satisfactory remedial measures have 
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