68 Indian Forest Records. [Vol. VII. 
2. Protection of toon plantations in the flowering stage. 
Plantations which are old enough to hear flowers should be protected 
by the measures detailed under (a) and (b) above. Pruning can not 
be carried out.* 
3. Protection of young toon in avenues, tea gardens, etc. 
(a) It is unprofitable to fill up small blanks in roadside toon avenues, 
etc., with toon transplants ; other species should be used. 
(b) Extension of avenues, shade and shelter trees, etc., should be 
preceded and accompanied by sack-banding of flowering trees as 
detailed in 1 (a), (6). 
The practical application of control measures 
The method of applying the sack-bands is shown in the figures below ; 
larvae spin up between the two layers of sacking and between the sacking 
and the bark. The removal of large flakes of bark within reach and 
the cutting away of undergrowth at the base of the tree will add to the 
value of the bands. 
Sfext 2. 
Method of applying sack-bands to the trunk. 
The number of flowering toon trees that it may be necessary to sack- 
band in order to protect a plantation, or regeneration area, avenue, 
etc., obviously depends on the size of the planted area and on the 
* The writer appreciates that the measures suggested above are impracticable for 
the protection of toon plantations surrounded by jungle full of meliaceous host-plants 
of the borer. They are intended for conditions under which intensive forestry is 
possible, and toon is grown over large areas as the principal crop. It is not profitable 
silviculture to attempt small toon plantations of a few acres, or to use that species for 
stocking blanks and failures on regeneration areas. 
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