204 Mr. R. Swinhoe on Formosan Ornithology. 
villages of what the Chinese called “ cooked” or civilized 
savages, who were living in harmony with the colonists, and 
turning their attention to agriculture. The numerals of their 
language were identical with those of the Kalees of the south; 
but they had canoes and two Spanish words, the one for “ horse ” 
and the other for “ buffalo,” which would appear to show that they 
must have had some connexion with the old Spanish settlement 
at Kelung. At present they are dwellers on plains, and entirely 
isolated, by nearly a hundred miles of mountains, from the 
region of the Kalees. Their language otherwise does not agree 
in the majority of words. There is yet another race that I met 
when at the city of Taiwanfoo, who had shaved their heads, 
had intermarried with the Chinese, and had become almost 
identical with them. These people are called Pepos; they speak 
quite a distinct language, and declare themselves descendants 
from the soldiery brought to the island by the Dutch. I may add 
that, from a vocabulary of a so-called “ Favorlang ” language of 
Formosa, translated from the old Dutch by Dr. Medhurst, there 
must have existed another race of Malays which I did not fall 
in with; and this, as well as other Dutch accounts, induces me 
to believe that there were formerly several other distinct races of 
Malays in the island, of whom probably small remnants still 
exist in the vast range of mountains between those of the 
Kweiyings in the north and the Kalees in the south, though 
doubtless, what with the encroachments of the Chinese colonists 
on the one hand, and the constant internecine war carried on 
by the various cramped feudatories, some of the tribes may ere 
this have ceased to exist. 
The Chinese reckon their territorial acquisitions in Formosa 
politically as a foo or district of the province of Fokien, and 
depute thither for its civil government a Taoutai or Prefect, 
with extraordinary powers. He is virtually responsible to the 
Viceroy at Foochow, but has permission, on all important sub¬ 
jects, to memorialize the throne direct. The district of Taiwan 
is divided into four Mens, or counties, and five tings, or marine 
magistracies. They are, the Fungshan Hien, comprising all the 
Chinese territory south of the capital city, Apes* Hill included; 
Taiwan Hien, comprising the capital and surrounding country; 
