39 a Mr. R. Swinhoe on Formosan Ornithology. 
flesh-colour, with a wash of ochreous, marked on tongue and lower 
jaw with blackish; basal two-thirds of tongue covered with in¬ 
verted papillae; roof of mouth also papillose. Iris umber-brown. 
Skin round eye and ear purplish grey. Legs slate-colour, with 
light-yellowish-grey soles. Lark-heel well developed, and with 
other claws coloured blackish brown, with pale tips and under¬ 
sides.” 
Adult <$, shot 20th July 1861. cc Length 14 in.; wing 6 j^; 
tail 7\. Bill black, inside and tongue blackish grey; roof of 
mouth and base of tongue ochreous flesh-colour. Skin of head 
deep purplish grey. Iris yellowish brown; skin round eye 
greyish black. Legs and toes deep blackish grey, pale and 
yellowish at the joints and soles. Feathers of the wings and 
tail much abraded.” 
Another adult 6, shot 8 th August 1861. “ Length 15J in.; 
wing 6 t ^ ; tail 8 J. Bill black; inside of mouth blackish grey. 
Iris brown, with a ring of straw-yellow. Ear-opening hori¬ 
zontally lunate, ^ in. long. Legs blackish grey, blacker on 
the claws.” 
Another in second plumage, shot 27th December. “ Length 
14^ in.; wing 6^0 ; tail 7^. Bill pale fleshy horn-colour, the 
basal part of culmen being blackish brown. Inside of mouth 
pale yellowish flesh-colour. Irides brownish ochre, the upper 
eyelid having several coarse black lashes with white bases. 
Tongue broad at the base, sagittate; apical half horny and fur¬ 
rowed ; basal half fleshy, and covered with inverted papillae, as 
also is the roof of the mouth. Legs leaden grey, with light yel¬ 
lowish-grey soles and light blackish-brown claws.” 
106. CuCULUS KELUNGENSIS, n. Sp. 
Of the many confused groups of birds, none are in such a 
hopeless state of inextricable confusion as the Cuckoos. This is 
owing to the difficulty of pointing out sufficiently recognizable 
characters to enable others to distinguish the particular species 
which the discoverer wishes to describe from its numerous closely 
allied congeners. If difference of note is to be taken as a gua¬ 
rantee of difference of species, then must we consider the many 
Eastern forms distinct; but when we come to compare individual 
