414 Mr. R. Swinhoe on Formosan Ornithology. 
and all the under parts pure white; greyish on the sides of the 
breast. From T. subminuta this species can be distinguished, in 
every plumage, by the shortness of its toes, and from T. tem- 
minckii by the shape of its bill. 
In summer the head, back, scapulars, and tertiaries become 
strongly edged with chestnut; and all the white parts of the face 
and neck, down to the breast, become fine chestnut rust-colour. 
The lower breast is sparsely spotted across with black, and a 
few black streaks occur on the flanks and lateral upper tail- 
coverts. In this plumage it has more affinity with a very dif¬ 
ferently shaped and larger form, the T. subarcuata. 
All the specimens of this bird dissected were thickly coated 
with fat, as most migrating birds are. Their stomachs were 
roundish, compressed at sides, with strong lateral tendons, and 
contained remains of small shells, sea-weed, a few maggot-like 
worms, and minute stones. Intestines 12J in. long; cseca 1^ 
from anus, left one 1 ^ long, right one ~io> cylindrical, ^ wide. 
The small parties of these birds that visit our salt-marshes 
rise altogether, when disturbed, with a loud twittering note. 
When one is wounded, its companions fly round and about it to 
try and render it assistance, in the manner of Curlews, and often 
keep by the fallen until it dies, thus too frequently endangering 
their own lives. I have not observed this sympathy with the 
distress of its fellows displayed by any other species of Tringa. 
145. Calidris arenaria. 
Charadrius calidris, L. 
Tringa tridactyla , Pall. 
These also pass our coast early, and return late. Very few seem 
to remain on our shores the winter through. 
146. Strepsilas interpres, L. 
Arrives in small flocks, and departs about the same season as 
the Sanderling. I dissected a male, and found its trachea, 
before dividing into the bronchi, formed into a bony bulb about 
^ in. in diameter. Liver very large. Stomach containing only 
a few particles of sand. Intestine 18^ in. long; cseca lj^ from 
anus, about 1J long. Several white leech-like entozoa, ^ in. long, 
occurred about the stomach and liver. 
