Japanese Landscape Gardening 
PLATE I HILL GARDEN—FINISHED STYLE 
served in garden construction that everyone adheres to the 
principle. 
In general, the composition of gardens may be treated 
under two divisions: Flat (, hiraniwa ) and Hill Gardens 
( tsukiyama-niwa ), both of which may be again subdivided into 
three different forms called, respectively, “Finished,” “Inter¬ 
mediary,” and “ Rough.” 
HILL GARDEN—FINISHED STYLE. 
Plate I represents an ordinary Hill Garden of the finished 
style, and may be taken as the best form suitable to spacious 
land, located in front of the principal building. The positions 
of the principal hills, stones, trees, cascades, bridges, and isles 
are all arranged, as shown upon the plate. 
HILLS. 
Hill i, which forms the central feature, represents a moun¬ 
tain of considerable size, and should have broad sweeping sides. 
Hill 2, always taken in connection with No. i, is to be placed 
close by the latter, but is somewhat lower and consequently is 
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