316 
PROPORTIONS 
14. Bass-wood (Tilia americana ). 
Water - - - 
Dry • 
Ash. 
Sap wood. Bark 
51*30 46-32 
48-70 53-68 
0-28 3-57 
15. Black Birch (Betula excelsa). 
Water - - - - 
Dry. 
Ash - 
Sap wood. Heart wood. 
38-90 34-61 
61-10 65-39 
0-05 0-26 
The black birch gives 16'01 per centum of charcoal : deducting the inorganic matter, it 
leaves 15 96 per centum from which all volatile matter is expelled by ignition in close 
vessels. 
16. Staff-tree (Cerastrus scandens ). 
Water - 
Dry matter .... 
Ash. 
Ash calculated on the dry matter 
Bark. Wood. 
39-091 46-094 
60-909 53.906 
4-608 0-523 
7-582 0-971 S. 
III. 
1. Pear tree. 
FRUIT TREES. 
Sap wood. 
Heart wood. 
Bark of the trunk. 
Water - 
48-80 
22-05 
63-70 
Dry. 
37-20 
77-95 
30-30 
Ash - 
0-20 
0-10 
1-99 
Root of the Pear tree. 
Wood. 
Bark. 
Water 
. 
22-33 
58-80 
Dry .... 
79-67 
46-20 
Ash .... 
. 
0-40 
3-26 
The wood of the pear gives 9 "79 per centum of charcoal. The wood of the pear is soft, 
close grained and easily wrought, and hence is sometimes substituted for box in large 
wood engravings. 
2. Sweet Apple tree. 
Water ■ 
Dry 
Ash 
Sap wood. 
39-10 
60-90 
0-35 
Heart wood. Bark of the trunk. 
33-35 59-00 
66-65 41-00 
0-16 4-55 
