30 
OBSERVATIONS ON SOILS. 
JUNE, 1848. 
OBSERVATIONS 
ft 
OBSERVATIONS ON SOILS. 
ON TREES. 
WEATHER. 
H 
is 
is 
> 
is 
O 
I 
1 
ft 
O 
S 
ft 
O 
r* 
O 
'ey 
6 
.5 
<D 
O 
3 
3 
ft 
X/l 
o 
.ft 
6 
£ 
QJ 
o 
cj 
3 
w 
feet belo 
surface. 
feet belo 
surface. 
Horse 
Chestnut. 
Black 
Walnut. 
Air. 
tirection 
Wind. 
Force of 
W ind. 
O X/l 
<x> 
QJ .ft 
s- -3 
fcfl 3 
V O 
X/l 
0 
rft 
O 
35 
o* 
H 
ft 
8 
3 
8 
3 
8 1 
3 
8 1 
3 
8 
3 
8 
3 
6 
8 
3 
9 
I 
a.m 
a.m 
a.m 
c 
a 
1. Ill 
p.m 
ft 
ai 
a.m 
p.m 
a.m 
p.m 
a.mlp.m 
r i 
a.m 
). m 
a.m 
p.m 
a.m 
i.m 
1 . m 
. Ill 
a.m 
p.m 
v 
s 
s 
1 
56 
60 
594 
60 
574 
57 
554 
554 
534 
55 
53 
57 
42 
48 
62 
56 
w 
w 
3 
5 
4 
1 
1 
1 
2 
OD 
60 
58 
60 
56 
56 
544 
54-t 
54 ■ 
58 
54 
62 
51 
58 
78 
70 
s 
s 
2 
3 
24 
1 
1 
1 
3 
58 
63 
59 
62 
56 
56 
54' 
54" 
60 
62 
62 
66 
62 
64 
77 
71 
s 
s 
2 
1 
u 
4 
3 
H 
. . . . 
4 
63 
65 
62 
63 
564 
564 
54 
54 
63 
63 
66 
72 
63 
70 
86 
75 
N 
s 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
5 
65 
71 
634 
65 
59 
59 
54 
544 
65 
64 
70 
73 
70 
70 
80 
65 
s 
s 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
6.53 
6 
64 
67 
64 
66 
60 
60 
55 
56' 
63 
62 
66 
76 
62 
60 
69 
56 
N 
w 
2 
4 
3 
2 
2 
2 
0.04 
7 
60 
61 
63 
62 
594 
594 
56 
56 
56 
58 
60 
59 
51 
53 
56 
54 
W 
NW 
2 
3 
24 
4 
4 
4 
0-06 
8 
59 
63 
61 
62 
584 
58 
564 
56 
57 
59 
57 
60 
54 
57 
70 
63 
N 
N 
2 
2 
2 
4 
3 
34 
0.06 
9 
60 
68 
61 
64 
58 
58 
56 
56 
60 
62 
60 
68 
57 
63 
86 
70 
N 
N 
2 
2 
2 
2 
1 
14 
10 
62 
69 
63 
64 
59 
59 
56 
56 
62 
62 
64 
67 
64 
63 
74 
66 
S 
SW 
2 
3 
24 
3 
4 
34 
6.28 
11 
64 
72 
64 
66 
59 
594 
56 
56 
63 
63 
65 
69 
64 
68 
72 
65 
w 
w 
1 
3 
2 
0 
1 
12 
62 
68 
63i 
64 
60 
60 
564 
56 
58 
59 
60 
61 
49 
54 
62 
52 
w 
w 
2 
5 
34 
1 
1 
1 
13 
59 
68 
63 
63 
594 
59 
56 
57 
544 
58 
55 
59 
I 46 
50 
66 
59 
w 
w 
4 
5 
44 
2 
1 
14 
14 
61 
65 
63 
62 
584 
59 
57 
57 
574 
60 
57 
614 
53 
58 
72 
62 
NW 
w 
2 
3 
24 
1 
1 
1 
15 
64 
68 
63 
64 
59 
59 
57 
57 
61 
62 
63 
68 
| 62 
66 
82 
69 
s 
S 
1 
2 
H 
1 
1 
1 
S.M.me., 63j 
62i 
584 55 59? 
63 
634 
1.8 0.97 
16 
67 
76 
65 
68 
604 
61 
56 
564 
66 
67 
70 
75 
70 
79 
94 
85 
NW 
NW 
1 
1 
1 
0 
0 
0 
17 
70 
77 
68 
71 
624 
63 
57 
57 
69 
68 
74 
77 
72 
78 
90 
82 
| W 
s 
1 
2 
14 
0 
1 
1 
18 
72 
77 
70 
71 
644 
63 
58 
58 
71 
71 
76 
78 
75 
74 
87 
79 
s 
s 
1 
2 
14 
1 
6 
H 
0.26 
19 
71 
78 
70 
70 
654 
654 
58 
59 
724 
71 
76 
78 
77 
74 
84 
79 
s 
s 
1 
3 
2 
3 
5 
4 
0.02 
20 
71 
77 
70 
72 
66 
66 
60 
60 
72 
71 
75 
75 
75 
70 
82 
69 
s 
s 
1 
1 
1 
6 
1 
34 
0.2C 
21 
69 
72 
69 
72 
66 
66 
60 
60 
68 
68 
71 
73 
67 
70 
84 
69 
s 
w 
1 
3 
2 
1 
2 
H 
0.95 
22 
68 
68 
66 
60 
60 
67 
. . . . 
68 
64 
70 
70 
w 
s 
2 
2 
2 
1 
1 
23 
68 
73 
68 
71 
66 
66 
60 
60 a 
68 
70 
69 
73 
69 
71 
80 
73 
s 
s 
1 
5 
3 
3 
6 
H 
6.34 
24 
67 
72 
68 
68 
66 
66 
61 
61' 
67 
67 
68 
69 
65 
64 
76 
65 
w 
w 
2 
5 
3J 
4 
1 
24 
25 
65 
72 
66 
68 
65 
64- 
61 
61 
64 
66 
64 
67 
60 
66 
80 
70 
w 
w 
2 
3 
24 
1 
1 
1 
26 
66 
74 
67 
68 
644 
64 
61 
61 
67 
67 
68 
69 
63 
66 
83 
76 
NE 
NE 
1 
1 
1 
1 
3 
2 
27 
69 
74 
69 
69 
65' 
63 
61 
61 
69 
70 
70 
72 
68 
70 
86 
78 
S 
s 
3 
3 
3 
3 
2 
2 4 
28 
70 
78 
70 
72 
66 
66 
61 
61 
72 
72 
72 
73 
74 
75 
88 
71 
S 
s 
2 
2 
2 
4 
6 
5 
1.74 
29 
70 
70 
70 
70 
67 
67 
62 
62 
70 
71 
70 
70 
69 
72 
82 
76 
N 
w 
1 
2 
U 
6 
1 
31 
30 
71 
74 
70 
70J 
674 
67 
62 
62, 
714 
72 
71 
72 
73 
74 
81 
73 
S 
E 
1 
1 
1 
4 
4 
4 
6.24 
S.M.me., 71.79 69.3 72.2 59.94 69.23 71.96 74.57 1.9 2.6 3.75 
Mo.mean 67.56 65.95 65.30 57.47 64.52 ' 67.48 68.95 2.28 2.2 4.72 
Observations. —1. Cypripidium acaule in flower. 3. Slight sprinkle in the morning. 4. Poa pratensis in flower 
5. Rain early a. m. and 4 to 7 p m. 6. Rain 6 to 7 a. m. 7. Rain 6 to 8 p. m. and 12 m. at night. 8. Rain 9 to 10 
a. m., and 9 to 10 p. m. 10. Rain 4 to 5 p. m. and light showers from 7 to 11 p. m. 11. About i of the top of the 
Black Walnut tree is covered with leaves, the rest was killed by fire last September. 18. Rain 2 to 4 p. m. with 
thunder, and from 9 to 12 p. m. occasional showers. Very warm. 19. Slight showers occasionally from 10 a m to 
3 p. m. 20. Rain from 10 p. m. to 21st 12 m. 21. Rain 7 p. m. to 5 a. m. of the 22d. Thunder. The Black Walnut 
begins to send out new shoots. Triticum in flower. 22. Scirpus tenuis in flower. 23. Heavy shower 3 to 5 p. m. 
and 9 to 10 p. m. 24. Conium maculatum, Verbascum blattaria, Lilium philadelphicum and Glyeeria fluitans in 
flower just S. of Albany. The Phleum pratense begins to flower. 28. Heavy rain 3 p. m. to 9 p. m. of the 29th. 
Thunder. The new shoots of the Black Walnut increase rapidly in size and number. 30. Rain 5 to 7 a. m. and 4 to 
6 p. m. Heavy thunder storm. 
Winds .—North 3 1, South 13, East 1, West 9Northwest 2, Northeast 1, Southwest Southeast 0. 
Weather .—Rain on 12 days. Warmest day 16th. Coldest day 1st. Highest temperature 94 degrees. Lowest tem¬ 
perature 42 degrees. 
