108 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY-TWELFTH ANNUAL REPORT 
ELEVATIONS 
Only in thirty-one quadrangles in Florida have detailed topo¬ 
graphic surveys been completed.* Each quadrangle includes an 
area of 15' of latitude and 15' of latitude, about 17^4x15 *4 miles. 
The area, topographically surveyed, about 8,000 square miles, is, 
therefore, slight as compared to the whole area of the State, which 
is 54,861 square miles. Aside from these topographic surveys, 
bench marks have been established recording exact elevations at 
places throughout the State by the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur¬ 
vey, the U. S. Geological Survey, and the U. S. Army Engineers. 
In addition, many lines of approximate or working levels have 
been made in connection with the. construction of railways, public 
roads, drainage canals, and other natural improvements. With the 
aid of this data the elevations in the greater part of the State may 
be determined within approximate limits. There are, however, 
very considerable areas the elevation of which is not so well de¬ 
termined as is desirable for both general and specific purposes. It 
is especially desirable that additional topographic maps be made. 
A complete record of bench marks established in Florida by the 
U. S. Geological Survey and the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur¬ 
vey previous to 1911 will be found in Bulletin No. 516 of the re¬ 
ports of the U. S. Geological Survey. Of the bench marks es¬ 
tablished since that time, those in Jefferson, Leon and Gadsden 
counties are listed in the Ninth and Tenth Reports of the Florida 
Survey. In the Fifth Annual Report, pp. 81-101, was given a list 
of elevations at railway stations in Florida. In the present volume 
there is included a compilation made by Mr. H. Gunter, of all ap¬ 
proximate and exact levels recorded within the State. 
CLIMATE 
The climatic conditions in the State are appreciably influenced 
by the proximity to oceanic waters. This is especially noticeable 
with regard to temperature, rainfall and humidity. The tempera¬ 
ture is moderate, the rainfall moderately heavy and the humidity 
high. 
*Of this number a few quadrangles on the Georgia-Florida border are 
partly in Georgia. 
