The Federal System. 
145 
D. MISCELLANEOUS MARITIME FEES. 
Numerous other fees were from time to time collected for li¬ 
censes to carry on maritime and other pursuits. Wreckers and 
pilots were compelled to obtain licenses at a cost of five dollars 
besides a fee of one dollar for each annual renewal of the same. 1 
In 1864 this charge was increased to ten dollars for each license. 2 
A few years later the captains, mates, and engineers were placed 
under the same requirements. 3 From 1872 shipping commis¬ 
sioners 4 were allowed a fee of two dollars for each man engaged 
by them for a crew and fifty cents for each certified discharge. 
This law was modified in 1884 in such a way that all the fees 
of the shipping commissioners were required to be paid into the 
treasury. 5 
E. COURT FEES. 
Most of the inferior officers of the Federal courts were, until 
quite recently, allowed to retain some or all of the fees con¬ 
nected with their respective offices; nor had any serious attempt 
been made to reduce the income derived from fees to any fixed 
amount, until the act of 1853, by which the allowance of deputy 
marshals was limited to seventy-five per cent, of the fees earned 
by them. 6 This was followed by an act requiring marshals to 
give an account of all fees collected, which finally resulted in 
the act of 1878 fixing the maximum compensation of United 
States marshals at $6,000, to be paid out of the fees earned 
after the office expenses had been deducted. The clerks of the 
United States Courts have continued to receive fees as salary 
down to the present; and only slight changes have been made 
in the original bill regulating their fees, for the most part in 
increasing the number of acts for which fees might be collected. 
United States district attorneys 7 have also received the fees col- 
1 Revised Statutes , U. S., 1853, 73. 
2 Statutes, U. S., 120. 
3 16 Revised Statutes , U. S., 473. 
4 17 Ibid., 278. 
• 22 Ibid., 8. 23 Ibid., 59. 
6 Ibid., 1853, X, 161. 
1 1bid., 1789 and 1791; district attorney paid salary and fees. 
