Inspection Fees. 
157 
to require official inspection or analysis before they can be sold. 1 
This is another case where an attempt is made to protect the pub¬ 
lic, not against adulterations of farm products, but against 
adulteration of manufactured articles. One state requires the 
manufacturer to buy a certificate of analysis from the state 
chemist, at a cost of fifteen dollars, and to purchase 
official labels stating the results of the analysis, to be attached 
to each package sold. 
3. Lime , Baling Powder , Gas Meters , and other articles: 
Almost in line with the foregoing, may be mentioned the state 
inspection of lime, which is at present compulsory in a few 
commonwealths. 2 The same purpose is manifest in the inspec¬ 
tion of gas-meters, which is made compulsory in some states, 3 
while many cities also have the power to require, and provide 
for, the inspection of this article. Inspection of saleratus and 
baking powder is of the same character, and is already made 
compulsory in several states. 
All of the fees mentioned in the preceding, and many others, 
demonstrate the fact that it is manufactured products, as a 
rule, which are deemed most liable to adulterations and other 
frauds. It is the products of urban or collective labor that 
most require the intervention of the state for the protection of 
the consumer. In earlier years it was flour, beef, pork, and the 
like about which the legislator was most concerned. It is true 
that a few inspection laws have been passed since 1865 which 
affect provisions in general; but, with one exception, 4 they can 
be found only in the older states, which have simply revised 
and elaborated their old laws. The Western states included in 
the Mississippi valley, which represent the tendencies of pro¬ 
gressive America more accurately, perhaps, than any other sec- 
1 Laws, Me., 1895, Ch. 91, fee $20; Mass., $15 per ingredient; Ga., 1869, 
p. 6, 25 to 50 cents per ton; Tenn., 1889, Ch. 226, par. 3, 50 cents per ton; 
Fla., 1889, Ch. 858, 25 cents per ton. 
2 Me., 1875; R. I., 1869, p. 113; Del., 1861, 30 cts. per carload. 
3 Cal., 1885, par. 582, fee $2.50 for each meter; Conn., 1886, Ch. 169, $1; 
Ohio, do.; Nev., 1877, par. 202, $2.50, to be paid by the user. 
4 Ohio has quite an elaborate inspection law, passed in 1876. See code 
of 1887, p. 170. 
