Final Comparison of Results. 
277 
In a later report 1 the results of Dr. Harris seem to be some¬ 
what different from my own, but the difference may be appar¬ 
ent rather than real. What he really reaches in this chapter is 
not the number or per cent, that withdraws at each grade, but 
the average age at which pupils withdraw. He quotes with 
approval Prof. C. M. Woodward’s method, which results in an 
age at withdrawal of about 13^- years for the average 
pupil. Since the latter enters school at 7-J- years of age, this 
would give him only five years of schooling, which may be 
entirely consistent with the 3J- or 4 grades which the average 
pupil attends, as shown by my method; for as has already been 
shown, more than one-half of the pupils go a second year to the 
first grade alone, and the average required considerably over 
one year each in the second and third grades. 2 
Other Estimates .—The estimates most widely differing from 
those in this paper which I have found are those of Superin¬ 
tendents White and Lane. Those of the former seem so un¬ 
reasonable, in the absence of adequate information as to the 
method employed in deducing them, that they may be simply 
inserted at this point without further discussion. 3 
Estimates of the Number that do not go Beyond the Grades Named. 
Grades. 
Supt. 
Lane. 
Supt. 
White. 
This paper. 
First. 
10 1 
10 
32.2 
Second. 
19.7 
15 
50.6 
Third. 
34.3 
25 
66.1 
Fourth. 
39.0 
40 
77 6 
Fifth. 
51.6 
50 
86.2 
Sixth.. 
62.9 
60 
91.8 
Seventh. 
71.2 
70 
95.2 
Eighth. 
85 
97.4 
Ninth. 
90 
98.6 
Tenth. 
94 
99.3 
Eleventh... 
95 
99.7 
Twelfth. 
100 
100.0 
1 Report of the Commissioner of Education for the year 1891-92, Vol. I, 
Chap. XIV. “The Age of Withdrawal from the Public Schools.” 
2 See p. 266, supra , on promotions. 
3 Superintendent White’s estimates are found in his Promotions and 
Examinations , quoted by J. N. Patrick, Elements of Pedagogies , p. 
