540 Libby—The Greenback Movement, 1876-8 A 
western shore of the southern peninsula, including the lower 
courses of the Manistee, Muskegon, and Grand rivers, while two 
of the counties extend partly around Saginaw Bay on the east¬ 
ern shore. The Agricultural group lies in the southwestern 
part of the state, south of Saginaw Bay, only two counties 
touching the western shore, while a wide interval separates it 
from the eastern shore. 
If we select from the ten groups of the foregoing table the 
five having the largest per cent, of Greenback vote (except 
Michigan) we shall find a fairly typical set of conditions. These 
five groups, including 76 counties, are: northwestern Kansas, 
Kentucky, southwestern Missouri, Texas, and West Virginia 
second group. Their average vote is 25.1 per cent, larger than 
that of the 224 counties (Group I) in Table II. Carrying this 
comparison still further we find that these 76 counties have a 
per capita value of manufactures about one-third as great as 
the first group in Table II, and for farm produce, total value 
of manufactures and farm produce, total valuation and farm 
values per acre, the averages are much lower. In respect to 
total taxation and local debt the per capita averages are also 
much less, while the ratio of mortgages to farm values is greater. 
The conditions found to prevail in the typical Greenback county 
of the larger group are thus seen to be present in the smaller 
and more compact groups, and in a decidedly intensified degree. 
So far, we have considered the Greenback vote for 1880 only. 
There are two other presidential elections, those of 1876 and 
1884, in which this vote appeared as a factor in the contest; 
and it is of some interest to know whether the voter partook of 
the same general character as in 1880. In Table V is shown 
the averages for those counties which had a Greenback vote of 
10 per cent, or over in at least one of the other presidential 
elections. It will be seen here that the average vote is large 
and bears about the same ratio to that of the state as in 1880. 
