28 
PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. 
example of aberrancy rather as the representative of a distinct section of the 
Aperturati. Its short hinge and fimbriate surface indicate its relations to the 
Fimbriati, while the pronounced dichotomization of its plications is without 
precedent among other Devonian Spirifers. The fasciculate effect produced by 
the duplication of the plications is suggestive of the Striatus-cameratus group. 
The species is, in fact, an early representative of that type of structure, upon 
it being superinduced the characters of the fimbriate type (Delthyris). 
V. OsTiOLATi. Typical examples; Spirifer ostiolatus, Schlotheim, S. Oweni, 
Hall. 
1839. Delthyris, Conrad. Geol. Survey N. Y. ; Pal. Dept., Third Ann. Kept., p. 65. 
1842. Delthyris, Conrad. Journal Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. viii, pp. 262, 263. 
1843. Delthyris, Hall. Geology of N. Y. ; Kept. Foui'th Dist., pp. 206, 207, figs. 1, 2 ; p. 208, fig. 8. 
1843. Spirifer, Castelnau. Essai sur le Systeme Silurien de I’Amdrique Sejitentr., p. 40, pi. xiv, 
fig. 16; p. 41, pi. xii, fig. 6. 
1844. Delthyris, Owen. Rejit. Geol. Expl. Iowa. Wisconsin and Illinois, ji. 69, pi. xii, fig. 9. 
1847. Spirifer, Yandell and Sudmard. Contributions to Geology of Kentucky, pp. 10, 14. 
1852. Spirifer, Owen. Geol. Survey Wisconsin, Iowa and Minnesota, p. 586, jil. iii, figs. 2, 6 ; p. 585, 
pi. iii, figs. 3, 4, 8. 
1857. Spirifer, Hall. Tenth Ann. Kept. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., pp. 128, 129, 132, 135, 154, 155, 
1.56, 158, 161, 163, 164. 
1858. Delthyris, Rogers. Geol. Survey Pennsylvania, vol. ii, p. 828; figs. 669, 670. 
1858. Spirifer, Hall. Geol. Survey Iowa, vol. i, pt. ii, p. 508, pi. iv, fig. 7; p. 509, pi. iv, fig. 8 ; 
ji. 510, pi. V, fig. 1 ; ji. 520, pi. vii, fig. 7. 
1863. Spirifera, Billings. Geology of Canada, p. 386, figs. 422«, h. 
1867. Gpli’i/ero, Hall. Palseontology of N. Y., vol. iv, p. 197, pi. xxix, figs. 1-8; p. 198, pi. xxiv, 
figs. 9-18; p. 209, pi. xxxi, figs 14-19 ; p. 211, pi. xxxi, figs. 11-13, 20-30 ; p. 220, 
pi. xxviii, figs. 12-16 ; ji. 223, pi. xxxvi, figs. 1-13 ; p. 226, pi. xxxvii, figs. 10-20; 
p. 227, pi xxxviii, figs. 1-25; ]il. xxxviii*, figs. 12-18; p. 230, pi. xxxviiirt, 
tigs. 23-32 ; p. 234, pi. xxxv, fig. 24 ; p. 292, pi. xxx, figs. 16-20. 
1868. Spirifera, Meek and Wortiien. Geol. Survey Illinois, vol. iii, p. 433, pi. xiii, fig. 8. 
1868. Spirifer, Meek and Worthen. Geol. Survey Illinois, vol. iii, p. 414, plate x, fig. 1. 
1878. Spinfera, Miller. Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 222. 
1880. Spirifera, White. Second Ann. Rept. Bureau Stat. and Geol. Indiana, p. 503, pi. iv, figs. 1-3; 
p. 504, pi. iv, figs. 4, 5. 
1881. Spirifera, White. Tenth Ann. Rept. State Geologist Indiana, p. 135, pi. iv, figs. 1-3 ; p. 136, 
pi. iv, figs. 4. 5. 
1882. Spirifera (Cyrthia), Whitfield. Geol. Wisconsin, vol. iv, p. 329, pi. xxv, figs. 25, 26 ; p. 329, 
pi. xxvi, fig. 3; p. 330, pi. xxvi, fig. 4; p. 331, pi. xxvi, figs. 1, 2. 
1883. Spirifera, Calvin. American Journal of Science, vol. xxv, p. 433. 
1884. Spirifera, Walcott. Palieontology of the Eureka District, p. 137, pi. xiv, fig. 10. 
1885. Spirifera, Clarke. Bull. No. 16, U. S. Geol. Survey, p. 31, pi. iii, fig. 12. 
1888. Spirifera, Calvin. Bull. Laboratories Slate ITniversity Iowa, p. 19. 
1889. Spirifei-a, Nettelroth. Kentucky Fossil Shells, p. 105, pi. viii, figs. 1-8 ; p. 107, pi. ix, figs. 1-7 ; 
p. 115, pi. vi, figs. 1-7, 9, 11-17 ; p. 117, pi. vi, figs. 8, 10, 18-20; p. 123, pi. xi, 
figs. 1-5; p. 125, pi. xxvi, figs. 2-5; p. 126, pi. vii, figs. 1-10. 
