BRACHIOPODA. 
47 
Genus SYRINGOTHYRIS, Winchell. 1863. 
PLATES XXVI, XXVII. 
1796. Anomites, Martin, Trans. Linnean Society, vol. iv, p. 44, pi. iii, figs. 1-6. 
1809. Conchyliolithus anomites, Martin. Petrefacta Derbiensia, pi. xlvi, fig. 34; pi. xlvii, fig. 5. 
1816. Spirifer, Sowerby. Mineral Conchology, pi. cxx, figs. 1-3. 
1840. /Spirifer, Troost. Fifth Geol. Kept, of Tennessee, pp. 17, 48. 
1841. Cyrtia, Troost. Sixth Geol. Rejit. of Tennessee, jip. 11, 12. 
1847. iSpirife)', Yandell and Shomard. Contribution to the Geology of Kentucky, pp. 19, 21. 
1855. Cyrtia, McCoy. British Palaeozoic Fossils, p. 426. 
1857. Spirifer, Hall. Tenth Kept. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., pp. 169, 170. 
1858. Spinfe)', Hall. Geology of Iowa, vol. i, part ii, pp. 520, 603, 646, 647, pi. vii, fig. 6 ; pi. xiii, 
fig. 4; pi. XX, fig. 5. 
1860. Spirifer (Cyrtia?), Swallow. Ti-ans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. i, ]>. 647. 
1863. Syringotliyris, A. Winchell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol, vii, sec. ser., pp. 6-8. 
1865. Syrmgothyris, Meek. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. ix, sec. ser., p. 275. 
1866. Spirifera, Hall. Pi-oc. American Philosophical Society, vol. x, p. 241. 
1867. Spinfe)', Meek. American Journal Science, vol. xliii, p. 407. 
1868. Spirifer, Meek and Worthen. Geol. Survey of Illinois, vol. iii, p. 530, pi. xix, fig. 8. 
1870. Syringothyris, A. Winchell. Proc. American Philosophical Society, vol. xii, p. 252. 
1875. Syringothyris, Meek. Palaeontology of Ohio, vol. ii, pp. 285, 288, pi. xiv, fig. 7. 
1875. Syringothyris, White. Wheeler’s Geogr. Surveys West of the 100th Meridian, vol. iv, iiji. 88, 
90, jil. V, fig. 9. 
1877. Spirifer, Meek. King’s U. S. Geol. Expl. of the 40th Parallel, vol. iv, p. 87, pi. iii, fig. 11. 
1880. Spirifer, White. Second Annual Kept. Indiana Bureau of Statistics and Geology, p. 512, pi. vii, 
figs. 1, 2. 
1881. Spirifer, White. Tenth Kept. State Geol. of Indiana, p. 144, pi. vii, figs. 1, 2. 
1884. Syringothyris, Walcott. Monogr. U. S. Geol. Survey, vol. viii, p. 219. 
1888. Syringothyns, Herrick. Bulletin Denison University, vol. iii, p. 41, pi. i, fig. 7; pi. ii, fig. 17 ; 
111. V, figs. 4-7; vol. iv, p. 14. 
1889. Syringothyns, Simpson. Trans. American Philosophical Society, p. 440, fig. 5 ; p. 441, fig. 6. 
1890. Syringothyris, Schuchert. Ninth Rep. N. Y. State Geologist, pp. 28-37. 
Shells spiriferoid, usually large, with erect cardinal area and broad, multi pli¬ 
cate lateral slopes. Fold and sinus generally non-plicate. In the pedicle-valve 
the delthyrium is covered by a convex, imperforate plate, which is frequently 
absent. The dental lamellae, more or less strongly developed, rest on the bot¬ 
tom of the valve, and at their anterior extremities are produced about the 
broad diductor impressions. They are united beneath the deltidium by a 
transverse plate arising from a testaceous callosity in the apex of the delthy¬ 
rium. This plate is formed by the deposition of accretions to the margins of 
the delthyrium, which unite in the median line, the union being marked by a 
raised line less distinct on the upper than on the under side of the plate. From 
just within the lateral margins and on the inner side of the plate two lamellar 
