BRACHIOPODA. 
51 
Mr. ScHUCHERT has also referred to Syringothyris the species Spirifer extenua- 
tus, Hall, of the Kinderhook group, for which he regards the Syringothyris Haiti, 
Winchell, a synonym; and to the same genus, the Cyrtia gigas, Troost, from the 
lower Carboniferous of Tennessee, though we are without conclusive evidence 
of the nature of the interior in this fossil. 
Genus SPIRIFERINA, d’Orbigny. 1847. 
PLATES XXXV, XXXVI, XXXIX. 
1847. Spirlferina, d'Oebigny. Comptes rendus, vol. xxv, p. 268. 
1850. Spiriferina, d’Oebigny. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, vol. xiii, p. 334. 
1852. Spirifer, Hall. Stansbury’s Expl. and Survey of the Valley of the Great Salt Lake of Utah, 
p. 409, pi. iv, tig-. 4. 
1854. Spirife)’ina, Davidson. Bi-itish Fossil Brachiopoda, p. 82, pi. vi, fig-. 60. 
1855. Spirifer, Shcmabd. Geolog-y of Missouri, vol. i, p. 203. 
1856. Spirifer, Noewood and Peatten. Journal Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. iii, p. 71, pi. ix, 
fig-. 1. 
1856. Spirifei', Hall. Pacific Railroad Reports, vol. iii, p. 102, pi. ii, figs. 10, 11. 
1858. Spiriferina, Shumaed. Ti-ans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. i, pp. 294, 391. 
1858. Spirifer, Hall. Ti-ansactions of fhe Albany Institute, vol. iv, p. 7. 
1858. Spirifer, Hall. Geology of Iowa, vol. i, part ii, p. 706, pi. xxvii, fig. 5. 
1859. Spirifer, Meek and Hayden. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. iii, sec. ser., p. 27. 
1860. Spirifera, Meek. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. iv, sec. ser., p. 310. 
I860. Spirifera, White. Journal Boston Society Nat. Hist., vol. vii, p. 232. 
1860. Spirifera, McChesney. New Palieozoic Fossils, pp. 42, 43. 
1862. Spinferina, White. Proc. Boston Society Nat. Hist., vol. ix, pp. 24, 25. 
1863. Spiriferina, Davidson. Quart. Journal Geol. Society London, vol. xix, p. 170, pi. ix, fig. 6. 
1864. Spirifei'ina, Meek. Palaeontology Upper Missouri, p. 19. 
1865. Spinferina, A. Winchell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci , Philadelphia, vol. ix, sec. ser., pp. 119, 120. 
1866. Spinfer, Swallow. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. ii, ii. 489. 
1866. Spirifer, Geinitz. Carbon und Dyas in Nelu-aska, p. 45, pi. iii, fig. 19. 
1868. Spirifera, McChesney. Trans. Chicago Acad. Sci., vol. i, p. 34, pi. vi, fig. 3. 
1872. Spiriferina, Meek. Hayden’s U. S. Geol. Survey of Nebraska, p. 185, pi. vi, fig. 3 ; pi. viii, 
fig. 11. 
1874. Spiriferina, Deeby. Bull. Cornell University, vol. i, p. 23, pi. ii, figs. 4-6,13 ; pi. iii, figs. 12-14, 
17; pi. V, fig. 4 ; pi. vi, figs. 8, 13, 14. 
1875. Spiriferma, White. Wheeler’s Geogr. Surveys West of the 100th Meridian, vol. iv, pp. 138, 
139, pi. X, figs. 4, 8. 
1876. Spirifera, Meek. Simpson’s Kept. Expl. Great Basin of the Terr, of Utah, p. 352, pi. ii, fig. 1. 
1877. Spirifei’ina, Meek. King’s U. S. Geol. Expl. 40th Parallel, vol. iv, pp. 84, 85, pi. viii, fig. 1, 5 ; 
pi. xii, fig. 12. 
1877. Spirifera {Spiriferina ?), Hall and Whitfield. King’s U. S. Geol. Expl. 40th Parallel, vol. iv, 
p. 281, pi. vi, fig. 17. 
1878. Spinferina, Dawson. Acadian Geology, third ed., p. 291, fig. 90. 
1878. Spiriferina, Etheeidge. Quart. Journal Geol. Society London, vol. xxxiv, p. 269. 
1882. Spinferina, Whitfield. Bull. American Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. i, p. 48, pi. vi, figs. 16, 17. 
1883. Spiriferina. Hall. Twelfth Rept. State Geol. Indiana, p. 327, pi. xxix, figs. 16, 17. 
