58 
PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. 
a deep sinus on the brachial valve, and also a corresponding sinus on the 
opposite valve. Each valve is divided externally by two strong divergent 
ridges, into three depressed areas, one central and two lateral. Qxjenstedt, 
considering both species identical, erected for their reception^ a special sub¬ 
division of his Aperturati, viz., Cinda. The hinge is long and the cardinal areas 
on both valves well developed; the surface is smooth or covered with fine con¬ 
centric lines. Little is known of the interior, but it appears from Quenstedt’s 
description that a cardinal process is well developed and that the shell con¬ 
tains spirals similar to those of Spirifer. 
It is very evident that, in association with this most peculiar exterior which 
of itself necessitates a separation of these species from Spirifer, will be found 
other peculiarities not pertaining to any of the subdivisions of that genus here 
adopted. To render the classification of the spiriferoids more homogeneous we 
propose for this aberrant group the designation Verneuilia (see plate xxxix). 
Genus WHITFIELDELLA, nom. nov. 
PLATE XLVIII. 
1828. Terehratula, Dalman. Kong. Vetenskaps-Akad. Handlingar, pi. vi, tig. 7. 
1842. Ati'ypa, Vanuxem. Geology of N. Y.; Kept. Third Dist., p. 112, tig. 5. 
1843. Atrypa, Hall. Geology of N. Y.; Kept. Fourth Dist., p. 71, tig. 3; p. 142, tig. 5 ; Tables of 
Organic Remains, No. 13, tig. 5. 
1852. Atrypa, Hall. Palseontology of N. Y., vol. ii, pp. 9, 76, 77, 260, 268, 269, 328, pi. iv, figs. 4, 5; 
pl. xxiv, figs. 1-4, 6; pi. Iv, figs. 1, 2, 4 ; pi. Ixxiv, fig. 10. 
1856. Atrypa, Billings. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, vol. i, p. 137, id. ii, fig. 9. 
1858. Atrypa, Rogers. Geology of Pennsylvania, vol. ii, part ii, p. 823, fig."634. 
1859. Merista, Hall. Palaeontology of N. Y., vol. iii, p. 253. 
1859. Merista, Hall. Twelfth Kept. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., pp. 77, 78. 
1862. Athyris, Charionella?, Billings. Palaeozoic Fossils, vol. i, p. 146, fig. 124; p. 166, fig. 150. 
1863. Athyris, Billings. Geology of Canada, p. 317, figs. 320, 332-334. 
1863. Meristella, Hall. Transactions of the Albany Institute, vol. iv, p. 226. 
1867. Meristina, Hall. Palaeontology of N. Y., vol. iv, p. 299. 
1867. Meristella, Davidson. British Silurian Brachiopoda, p. 112, pl. xxi, figs. 1-10. 
1868. Athyris?, McChbsnby. Trans. Chicago Acad. Science, vol. i, p. 33, pl. viii, fig. 2. 
1873. Meri.stella (? Meristina), Meek. Palaeontology of Ohio, vol. i, ji. 180, pl. xv, fig. 2. 
1873. Athyris, Nicholson and Hinde. Canadian Journal, vol. xiv, new ser., pp. 144, 157. 
1875. Athyris, Nicholson. Palaeontology of the Province of Ontario, p. 61, fig. 32a; p. 62, fig. 32e. 
1879. MeHstina, Hall. Twenty-eighth Rept. N. Y. State Mus. Nat. Hist., p. 160, pl. xxv, figs. 1-7. 
1882. Meristina, Davidson. British Silurian Brachiopoda, Supplement, p. 94, pl. iv, figs. 20-23. 
1882. Meristina, Hall. Eleventh Rept. State Geologist of Indiana, pp. 300, 301 ; pl. xxv, figs. 1-7. 
* Petrefactenkunde Deutschlands; Brachiopoden, p. 510, pl. liii, figs. 70-72. 1871. 
