Part III.’] 
Beeson : BeeKole Borer of Teak. 
37 
reddish-brown strands of silk, woven across the gallery for a thickness 
of about J of an inch. 
The construction of the beehole, as detailed above, does not agree 
with Stebbing’s interpretation of the process ; he states [1905, pp. 11 
and 17.] “ It is probable that it [the larva] only spends the monsoon 
months (with perhaps a portion of the preceding hot weather) in feeding 
and attaining its full size and towards the commencement of the cold 
weather tunnels into the tree.” And six lines lower down, “ it appears 
that the cold weather is passed through in the larval stage in Upper 
Burma perhaps partly in boring the pupating tunnel and chamber 
and that the larva only changes to the pupal or chrysalid condition on 
the approach of the hot weather.” 
In discussing the proposed steps to be taken to clear plantations of 
the borer, he states [p. 17], “It has been shown that the caterpillar 
feeds under the bark until full grown, and that on attaining full 
size it has to bore a hole through the bark to the outside so as to be 
able to eject through it the sawdust resulting from its tunnelling 
operations in the wood. A careful inspection of the trees at this period 
would enable the position of boring larvae to be ascertained and they 
could be removed before they had bored dovm into the wood.” And 
again, [1914, p. 28] the larva of Duomiius ceramicus “ tunnels down 
into the hard dry wood to pupate, but only when full-fed, and for 
pupating purposes alone.” 
The recent field-work does not support these views but tends to show 
that the heartwood gallery, i.e ., the beehole, is constructed gradually 
with the developement of the larva, and is used as a shelter for resting, 
moulting and finally pupating. Beekman’s views [1919, pp. 10, 11] 
are in accordance with those of the writer. 
Pupation. 
The pupal chamber is formed by the closure of the terminal portion 
of the beehole with a partition of silk ; it is usually slightly less in dia¬ 
meter than the main portion of the gallery,* and is cleared of all frag¬ 
ments of dust and excreta. 
The pupa lies in its chamber with the head directed downwards 
towards the exit, and the cast larval skin behind. Owing to the large 
number of free segments in the abdomen, it is capable of active move¬ 
ment if disturbed. Plate IV shows two beeholes in saplings, with the 
pupa in situ in the pupal chamber, the mouth of which is closed 
* Stebbing [1905, p. 9] says that the pupal chamber “ is slightly enlarged at its upper 
end, the enlarged portion being I £ to 2" in length,” but the writer has found no 
instances of this type. 
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