46 
Indian Forest Records. 
[Vol. VII[. 
4, The Moth Stage. 
The following table shows the dates and localities on which moths 
have been caught, bred out or recorded to have emerged. 
Table 3. —Stage dates of moths of Duomitus ceramicus } Burma . 
Date. 
Number 
of indivi¬ 
duals. 
Locality. 
Observer. 
25th March 1914 
Several 
Pyonchaung Reserve, North 
Toungoo division. 
Forest Zoologist. 
27th, 30th March 1917 
Do. . 
Kyungin, South Toungoo 
Division. 
W. C. Rooke. 
15th April 1914 . 
1 
Petsut Reserve, Katha divi¬ 
sion. 
Forest Zoologist. 
17th April 1914 . 
1 
Mandalay Division 
B. P. Kelly. 
Ditto 
Several . 
Hsipaw, Northern Shan States 
Forest Zoologist. 
20th, 21st April 1914 . 
Do. . 
Okkyi Reserve, Shwegu Sub¬ 
division. 
G. Mathews. 
22nd April 1914 
1 
Petsut Reserve, Katha divi¬ 
sion. 
Forest Zoologist. 
15th, 26th April 1914 . 
Several . 
Ditto ditto . 
Ditto. 
Ditto. 
Do. 
Mohnyin Reserve, Katha 
Division. 
Ditto. 
1st, 25th May 1914 . 
3 
Hsipaw, Northern Shan 
States. 
Ditto. 
1st, 25th May 1914 . 
Several . 
Se En, Northern Shan States. 
Ditto. 
20th March to 1st June 
1916. 
211 
Pyonchaung, Northern Toun¬ 
goo division. 
W. C. Rooke. 
In Pyonchaung, N. Toungoo, Rooke noted that out of 211 moths 
168 emerged before 6th May 1916 and 43 between 7th May and 1st June 
1916 ; early larval work was not discovered in this area until 23rd May. 
In 1918 in the same locality the Forest Zoologist found 45 fresh pupal 
skins and 71 empty emergence holes between 21st and 30th May. 
Unwin notes for Pyinmana that “ the moth emerges at latest by the 
middle of June.” On the 15th June, 1916, 8 fresh emergence holes were 
found which were not present on the 3rd June. 
Villar in Okkyi, Shwegu records that moths emerged from 22nd 
April to 12th May. 
Natural enemies. 
Woodpeckers. 
Species. —Stebbing [1905, p. 12] considered that “ the chief enemies 
of the “ beehole ” borer would seem to be woodpeckers ” and observed 
that there are at least two species, that attack it, “ the one blackish- 
green, and the other greyish-green.” In his Manual of Forest Zoology 
[1908, p. 192] Tigajavanensis (which is neither blackish-green nor greyish- 
green) is referred to as 44 the Species which feeds upon the caterpillars 
and pupae of the beehole borer of teak (Duomitus ceramicus).” 
During April-June the writer shot numerous specimens of 8 of the 
larger species of woodpeckers, and examined their stomach-contents. 
[ m ] 
