Part III.] Beeson: Beehole Borer of Teak. 
49 
April at Mohnyin, but no flies were reared owing to byperparasitism ; 
from one pupa 74 hyperparasites were bred out. 
Beekman [1919 p. 13] records parasitism by a tachinid in Java, 
and gives a description of the fly. 
2. Hymenoptera. —At least one species of hymenopterous parasite 
attacks the borer and pupates in or alongside the larval skin of the host, 
after preparing a tough cocoon. This species has been found only in 
small larval galleries up to 2 inches in length. 
3. The caterpillars of the borer are attacked by a fungus, ? Cordyceps 
sp., when half and full-grown, the hyphae of which replace the body 
tissues ; when mature a long stalked fructification is sent out through 
the exit-hole. 
In order to obtain an index of the mortality among young ceramicus 
larvae from parasitism or from other causes, the beeholes of the stem 
analyses were classed roughly into small larval galleries under 2 inches, 
and beeholes over 2 inches. The proportion of the former to the latter 
was found to vary from O’2 to 3*3 times the number of the latter. 
Other Beehole Borers of Teak. 
In addition to Duomitus ceramicus , Wlk., teak is attacked while 
living by other borers, the galleries of which may be reasonably termed 
beeholes, and are undoubtedly so termed by the timber trade. The 
writer proposes to deal with these insects in a future Kecord, but the 
following notes are given so that their work may be distinguished from 
the true beehole borer. 
PHASSUS SIGNIFER,, Moore. [Hepialidae.] 
The caterpillar of this moth bores a gallery in the heartwood which 
is carried from the mouth in the sapwood in a vertical direction down¬ 
wards. Duomitus ceramicus on the other hand always carries its heart- 
wood gallery upwards. The beehole of Phassus signifer is frequently 
of great length ; specimens have been collected over 20 inches long. 
Its sapwood chamber is protected by a thick mat made of particles of 
bark and wood excrement woven together with silk. The mat is often 
larger than the palm of one’s hand. 
An allied species Phassus malabaricus, Wlk. attacks teak in Southern 
India. 
ARISTOBIA BIBMANICUM, Gahan. [Lamiidae.] 
The larva of this beetle forms a gallery in the heartwood of teak 2—3 
inches long, oval or compressed in section and with two short arms to 
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