Part I.] Puran Singh : Turpentine Oil and Indian Rosin. 9 
Russian turpentine oil *—This oil is derived from Pinus 
sylvestris, L. Its specific gravity varies between 0*862 and 0*872, 
the angle of rotation from D=+15° 25' to +24° (Armstrong). 
It boils between 155°—180° C. Upon distillation, Tilden obtained 
the following fractions : — 
160°—171° C.10 per cent. 
171°—172° C.63 ^ „ 
172°—185° C.24 
The following figures for two samples of Russian turpentine oil 
have been recorded in the Bulletin of the Imperial Institute, 
London: — 
I. 
II. 
Specific gravity at 15-5 r C. 
Optical rotation in 100 
mm. tube. 
Fractions boiling below 
165° C. 
165°—170° C. . 
170°—175° C. . . 
Residue above 175° C. 
0-866 
+ 14° 29' 
16 per cent. 
43 
20 
21 
99 
99 
0-884 
+ 16° 20' 
18 per cent. 
36 
18 
28 
95 
99 
99 
Philippine turpentine oil. —This is derived from the oleo-resin 
of Pinus insularis, Endl. The oil has been examined by B. T. 
Brooks, (see Philippine J. Sci., 1910, 5, 229—231). The oil was 
found to consist for the greater part of the ordinary pinene, 96 per 
cent, distilling between 154° and 165’5° C. 
Burma turpentine oils. —They are obtained from Pinus Khasya 
and Pinus Merkusii. Both these oils are similar in their proper¬ 
ties. Specific gravity of the oil from Pinus Khasya at 20° C. is 
0*8627 and that of Pinus Merkusii is 0*861. On fractional distilla¬ 
tion, both these oils distil within a very narrow range of tempera¬ 
ture near 155° C., though the oil from Pinus Khasya has a larger 
amount of some high boiling constituent. Dr. Armstrong is of 
opinion that both these oils are of the highest quality and good for 
every purpose for which French or American turpentine is used. 
They are like French and American pinene oils. 
* See “ Volatile Oils ” by Gildmeister and Hoffman, page 256, and also Indian 
Forester, September 1911, page 519. 
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