Indian Forest Records. 
lb 
[Vol. IV. 
pass on to a second condenser. After the material has been suffi¬ 
ciently heated, air is admitted into the apparatus and the mass is 
allowed to stand in order to allow the solid impurities to sink. On 
this occurring they and the water are separately drawn oh. (For 
further details see French patent 409,026, November 13th, 1909, 
and also see a reference to it in Journal Soc. Chem. Indus., June 
13th, 1910, page 769.) 
CHAPTER II. 
1 he Chemical Composition of Turpentine Oil from Pinus 
longifolia. 
The turpentine oil from Finns longifolia has been examined at 
the Imperial Institute, London, and according to the investigation 
results as printed in the interim and subsequent reports (vide 
Appendix H), the oil consists of lsevo-pinene, sylvestrene and a 
small quantity of a still higher terpene, which has not yet been 
isolated. It, therefore, materially differs in its composition from 
the French and American oils which almost wholly consist of 
pinene, and substantially resembles the Russian turpentine oil 
in this respect. Its peculiar odour is also due to the presence of 
sylvestrene. 
The crude resin of Finns longifolia, examined at the Forest 
Research Institute, gave the following constants : — . 
Oil. 
22 per cent. 
Rosin ........ 
60 „ 
Acid number ...... 
12913 
Saponification number (determined hot after 
one hour). 
139 00 
Ester number ....... 
9-87 
Iodine number (Hubei, 18 hours) 
228-07 
The crude oil distilled at low temperature through acetic acid 
gave an iodine number of 361*36 and the same when rectified gave 
326*00. 
The crude water distilled oil gave 35 per cent, of heavy turps 
boiling above 170° C. The same partially rectified gave 9 per cent. 
[ 12 ] 
