I? art I.] Puran Singh : Turpentine Oil and Indian Rosin. 2) 
inks. Accordingly about 4 gallons of this residue were sent to 
Messrs. Butto Kristo Paul & Co., of Calcutta, for trial and valua¬ 
tion. This firm gave the turpentine residue to printing ink manu¬ 
facturers who reported favourably on it. It is understood that 
Messrs. Butto Kristo Paul have offered Be. 0-8-0 a gallon f. o. r. 
Kathgodam for the rejected residue. The price realisable in 
Calcutta may, perhaps, be taken at about Be. 0-14-0 to Be. 1 a 
gallon. 
Now that the turpentine residue can be utilised and sold in the 
Calcutta market, the question of the redistillation of the crude 
turpentine to the extent of 80 per cent, for the preparation of extra 
fine oil may be worth reconsideration. 
Though Mr. Smythies re-opened the question of eliminating the 
greasy residue from the turpentine oil, the conclusions arrived at 
in 1908 remained unaltered. The greasy residue is solely due to 
the heavy turps in the oil produced at Bhowali. 
These heavy turps must be eliminated by redistillation in order 
to free the turpentine oil from the defect, pointed out repeatedly by 
the purchasers. So far, then, if no changes are to be made in the 
present plant and in the present process of redistillation, it may 
be safely asserted that the only w~ay to improve the oil is to thor¬ 
oughly redistil the whole. This may entail a loss, but in order 
that the Indian oil may obtain a distinctive name for itself in the 
market, it is essential that this loss should be incurred reducing 
the margin of profit. 
CHAPTEB Y. 
(i) A New Method for the Distillation of Turpentine Oil with Acetic 
Acid or Methylated Spirit. 
The occurrence of 20 per cent, of heavy turps in the crude oil 
of turpentine distilled from the resin of Finns longifolia is rather 
abnormal. This was due to the polymerisation of the original oil 
in the still under the influence of the high temperature that pre¬ 
vails during distillation, whether conducted by water or by super¬ 
heated steam. Accordingly, the following two processes were 
devised for distilling the oi] at lower temperatures. 
C 21 ] 
