22 Indian Forest Records. [Vol. TV 
Acetic acid method .—Five hundred grains of the crude resin* 
were mixed with 100 c.c. of acetic acid. The resin became per¬ 
fectly liquid on a very gentle warming. It was transferred to the 
distillation flask and distilled with ordinary steam. The tempera¬ 
ture of distillation and of the whole flask was thereby greatly 
reduced, the distillation taking place below 100° C. The yield of 
turpentine oil, thus obtained, was 18 per cent. The oil was 
thoroughly washed with lime water and filtered. It was a crystal 
clear colourless oil. On fractional distillation it gave the following 
results: —• 
Begins to boil ...... 140°—145° C. 
Below 160° C. . . . . . .44 per cent. 
Below 167° C. (distilling most of it at 160°— 52 „ 
165° C., temperature ris'ng very slowly). 
Residue above 167° C. . . . 4 „ 
Thus even the crude oil, obtained by this process, shows 96 per 
cent, passing below 167° C. This oil, when compared with the 
crude Bhowali oil, with the same after rectification and with the 
American oil, shows the following results: — 
— 
Acetic acid 
method, crude 
turpentine. 
The crude 
Bhowali 
turpentine. 
Bhowali oil 
rectified 
three times. 
The best 
American oil. 
Passing below 165°— 
j 167° C. 
96% 
27-5% 
92-5% 
97-5—100% 
Time of drying when 
exposed to air on 
glass surface. 
4 hours 4 
minutes. 
Did not dry 
within 12 
hours. 
4 hours 14 
minutes. ! 
i 
Traces left un- 
dried after 12 
hours. 
Colophony 
Pale lemon, 
transparent 
bright. 
Deep-yellow 
and dark- 
yellow. 
•• 
1 
I 
i 
- 
This is probably the most satisfactory oil obtained from Pinus 
longifolia. This Laboratory experiment confirmed the view that 
* This resin had been lying in the Laboratory stores for some two years. 
[ 22 ] ' 
