Part I.] Ptjran Singh: Turpentine Oil and Indian Rosin. 63 
one-third of the total volatile oil, and was found to 
be leevo-pinene. Purified portions had a boiling point 
of 157*5° C., a specific gravity at 15° C. of 0*862 
compared with water at the same temperature, and 
a specific rotatory power ( a ) 42°. 
“ The remaining two-thirds was much less volatile and 
appeared to be mainly composed of a turpentine oil 
having a boiling point of 173° C., a specific gravity 
at 15° C. of 0*867 as compared with w~ater at the same 
temperature, and a specific rotatory power ( a ) D = 
+14° 6'. 
“ It was found to contain a considerable quantity of the 
terpene sylvestrene, but the specific gravity of sylves- 
trene at 15° C. is 0*852, so that still another constitu¬ 
ent of higher specific gravity must be present. This 
third constituent proves to be very difficult to separate 
from the sylvestrene, but efforts are being continued 
to isolate it and determine its nature. 
“ Lfevo-pinene is the principal constituent of French turpen¬ 
tine oil, which is obtained from Pinus Pinaster , 
Solander. 
<c Sylvestrene is found in commerce as one of the components 
of Pine Tar Oil (also known as “ Russian Turpentine 
Oil ”), which is obtained as a first product of the dry 
distillation of the resiniferous roots of the common 
pine [Pinus sylvestris). This oil is made in Eastern 
Germany, Poland, Finland, Northern Russia and 
Sweden. It is of inferior quality to turpentine oil;, 
this, however, is due to constituent produced by the 
dry distillation which gives it an empyreumatic 
odour.” 
II. 
The Report of Professor Dunstan on Turpentine Oil from India , 
No. 35375 , dated 18th January 1911. 
(The samples sent being the spirit distilled oil, prepared at Bhowali.) 
The samples of turpentine oil, which are the subject of this 
report, were forwarded to the Imperial Institute by the Assistant 
Conservator of Forests, Naini Tal, United Provinces, with letter 
[ 63 ] 
