Owen—Hybrid Parts of Speech. 
115 
of doubtful propriety, while the occurrence of the others 10 may 
be imaginary only. Purged, accordingly, of these perhaps 
exclusively imaginary, and those perhaps improper forms, the 
put in singular neuter form, as proper with an adjective used as a 
noun, while the adjective itself agrees with “saleswomen,” being put 
in the feminine plural as befits an adjective used as such. This hybrid 
is not to be confused with the usual adjective specially functionating 
solely as a noun, as in “The sublime and the beautiful.” 
(7) Adverbial Noun: “The little he likes me is better than nothing.” 
In major syntax “little” is a noun, the subject of “is”, while in minor 
syntax, adverbial to “likes.” 
10 (5) Adjectival Adverb: “You do your sewing where I often am.” 
Abiding by a theory of relatives advanced in a previous publication 
(Pronouns, etc., p. 70, etc.) I suggest that the locative idea expressed 
by “where” does not make two appearances in mind (as wrongly sug¬ 
gested to many by the phrase “in the place in which”) but, rather, 
appearing once for all, and that indefinitely, in an earlier environment 
(expressed by “you do your sewing”) holds its ground while a second 
defining environment (expressed by “I often am.”) assembles about 
it. Thus used in double syntax, I regard the “where” as adverb with 
“do,” while also posed as predicate adjective with “am,” it being a 
mistake to rank the place-word as ipso facto, or on account of its 
form, adverbial. Compare “Die hiesigen und dortigen Kirchen.” 
(6) Adjectival Verb: To exhibit the possibility of this, I offer first: 
“He struck the table such a blow that he broke it,” in which I regard 
“he broke it,” as definitely revealing that force of the blow, which 
was indefinitely prefigured by “such.” In other words “such a blow ' 
etc., is merely a blow violent to the “he-broke-it” degree, or, more 
briefly, a “he-broke-it” blow, in which expression, as elsewhere argued, 
“broke” is a nucleary element, adjectively used, although attended in 
its further verbal function by its subject and object. That is, the 
breaking is dominantly adjective and subordinately verbal. To fit the 
illustration to the present case, I make the dominant clause subordinate, 
and vice versa, as in “He broke the table, he struck it such a 
blow”, in which I find that “such” is used to repeat to the mind a vio¬ 
lence of striking first revealed by “He broke the table.” “Such a 
blow,” in short, is a “He-brolce-the-table” blow (Cf. “He struck it that 
hard” = “ he-~broke-it hard”). In other words, “broke”, which is pri¬ 
marily verb, is secondarily nucleary factor of an adjective adjunct 
modifying “blow.” But “broke” is by “such” repeated, not continued, 
and, accordingly, not a hyrid, as defined. To make it a hybrid, let it 
be continued by such a word as “qualis”. Thus continued, “broke” 
would theoretically serve without a repetition, primarily as verb and 
secondarily, in its continuation by “qualis”, as an adjective—that is, 
as adjectival verb. 
(8) Adverbial Adjective: “I am where you often do your sewing.” 
As merely the converse of (5) this hybrid hardly needs examination. 
(9) Adverbial Verb: To exhibit the possibility of this, I vary the 
illustration used with (6), developing “He broke the table, he struck 
it so.” In this, the violence revealed by the nucleary “broke,” at¬ 
tended by its subject and object, is repeated by “so” and used as the 
adjunct of “struck,” accordingly ranking in the latter function as an 
adverb. Let now continuation be supposed to take the place of repeti¬ 
tion; let, for instance, “so” or “tellement” be replaced by “quellement” 
This being effected, “broke” is primarily verb and secondarily, in its 
continuation by “quellement,” nucleary factor of an adjunct to “struck” 
—that is, an adverbial verb. 
