Owen—Hybrid Parts of Speech. 
119 
a part of that object, and therefore so far enters, with what is 
expressed by “Astronomers declare,” into the construction of 
■one thought. At the same time “to exceed” is mid-term, or in 
this case verbal element, to “sun” and “moon”—that is, its 
meaning enters into the construction of another thought. In¬ 
deed, if the traditional classification of the infinitive as a 
verbal noun be strictly justifiable, it must be for the reason that 
the infinitive has the right to rank as verb and noun at once; 11 
and this it can hardly do in the expression of a minimal thought 
(which I define in the following sentence) or in that of a single 
constituent thought—that is, a thought which is part of a larger 
thought. 
THOUGHTS m WHICH DOUBLE FACTORSHIP OCCURS. 
In examining these it will be advantageous to center atten¬ 
tion on such as contain the minimum number of elements, 
namely, the minimal conception (or two ideas and the relation 
between them, e. g., “The sun to exceed the moon” or “red” [in 
qualitative relation with] roses”) and the minimal judgment 
(or conception plus belief in its truth or untruth, e. g., “The 
$un exceeds the “moon” or “The sun does not exceed the 
moon”). 
Of such thoughts, two only at a time will for the present be 
considered. The case of more than two thoughts with a single 
simultaneous factor will be examined under the title “Second¬ 
ary Hybrids.” The case of two thoughts, with more than one 
simultaneous factor, was examined in a previous publication, 12 
without results of any value to the present investigation. The 
case of more than two thoughts exhibiting more than one com¬ 
mon factorship 13 will be omitted, as offering nothing new to 
the case to be considered. 
n In “I’m going to post him on the subject of posts,” the fact that 
“post” is successively verb and noun creates no claim to the rank of 
verbal noun. 
12 See “Revision of the Pronouns,” page 83—(d) 
you 
13 E. g., “ I have a book I want to read. “Of the perpendicularly indi- 
which 
cated phrase the factor “to read” is simultaneously factor with “I 
want”, while “book” (as continued by “which”) is simultaneously 
factor with “you to read” and with “I have.” 
