Vorhies—Studies on the Trichoptera of Wisconsin. 671 
.small, represented by the bases of a pair of hairs; second pair 
larger, irregular, dark; third pair long, black. Legs dark 
brown. An elliptical ring of chitin lies transversely on the ven¬ 
tral side of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th segments. Lateral line on 
.•segments 3-7. Gill filaments small, simple, as in Fig. 5. 
/ 2 3 4- S G 7 s 
Pupa. —Length, 6-9 mm. Width, 2 mm. Antennae as long 
as, or slightly longer than, the body. Body white or reddish- 
hrown. Dorsal spines, III, 2-3. 3-4. 4-5+50-60. 4-6. 4-5, 
VII. Lateral line, gray, begins on the posterior half of the 5th 
segment, and forms a loop under the 8th. Above and below the 
lateral line, on segments 2-7, is a somewhat sinuous line of 
chitin, conspicuous on even the very young pupae. A tuft of 
black hairs on the ventral side of the coxae of the 1st and 2nd 
pairs of legs. No gill-filaments present. Posterior border of 
the first segment chitinous, with short black spines, directed 
backward. A pair of slender appendages, like stout hairs, 
hooked at their ends, arise from the posterior end of the ab¬ 
domen. Labrum small, with long hairs hooked at the apex; 
length and breadth sub-equal, two thirds the length of the man¬ 
dibles, which are slender, knife-like, with two large hairs on the 
outer side of the base. 
Eggs .—The eggs are enclosed in small clear masses of jelly, 
not very firm, 3-5 mm. in diameter. These are deposited in 
well protected places beneath overhanging banks, or under 
sticks, where they are so near the water as to be kept moist and 
warm, since the time of egg-laying is late October and the first 
half of November. 
Case. —Length, 8-11 mm. Width, 3-4 mm. The case is of 
sand, slightly curved, somewhat flattened dorsi-ventrally, lateral 
rows of larger stones adding to the flattened appearance. The 
