208 
PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. 
Of these thirty-four species, fifteen are recognized as Silurian, nine of them 
occurring in the lower division, and three in each of the upper divisions. 
Regarding the Upper Helderberg, Hamilton, Portage and Chemung groups as 
Devonian, we have ten species in this period; and including the Waverly 
group with the Carboniferous limestones, we have nine species of Conularia in 
this division of the series. 
In 1807 M. J. Barrande enumerated twenty-seven species of the genus as 
occurring in Bohemia; and in the Palaeozoic formations of all countries, he 
enumerated eighty-three species, including one from the Lias (Systeme Silurien 
du centre de la Boheme, pages 24 and 30). In this catalogue, however, there 
are but fourteen species credited to the United States, while at this time 
we enumerate thirty-four. The species of this genus described from the 
rocks of this country have been more than doubled since that period, while the 
number of new forms added to the European list must, we presume, have been 
proportionally far less. 
Conularia undulata. 
PLATE XXXIII, FIGS. 1-5, 7 ; AND PLATE XXXIV A, FIGS. Ir4. 
Conularia undulata , Conrad. Fifth Annual Report Pal. State of N. Y., p. 57. 1841. 
“ “ “ Hall: Descriptions of New Species of Fossils, etc., p. 34. 1861. 
“ “ “ “ Fifteenth Rep. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., p. 62. 1862. 
“ “ “ “ Illustrations of Devonian Fossils: Pteropoda, pi. 5. 1876. 
“ grandis, Ferd. Rce.mer. Lethea Geognostica II Lief, p. 434, plate 3, tig. 21; and plate 1, fig. 12. 
1857. “ Distinguished from C. quadrisulcata by having the striae more crowded and 
undulated, and by the absence of lines crossing the furrows between the striae.” 
Form elongate-pyramidal, with a quadrangular base. Transverse section quad¬ 
rangular, rhomboidal, with the faces subequal (equal ?); angles indented 
by the longitudinal grooves. Faces of the pyramid slightly convex in 
well-preserved specimens, often entirely flat, or sometimes concave, the 
proportions modified from pressure; center of each face marked by a 
distinct shallow groove, along which there is a slight deflection of the 
transverse striae. Angles of the pyramid furrowed by a strongly marked 
groove, which is conspicuous in all conditions of the shell, and traversed 
by the surface-markings. Aperture of the fossil unknown. Summit 
