10 
ECONOMICAL MINERALOGY. 
Kronkite’s Mine, on the farm of Richard Kronkite, Esq. is about four and a half miles 
south-southwest of West-Point. There are two veins or beds of ore, separated by a sheet 
of rock, which are from a few inches to ten feet in thickness. They have been traced from 
fifty to eighty rods, and have a range north-northeast. About 800 tons of ore were taken 
from this mine nearly forty years since, which is said to have yielded iron of a good quality. 
There is another unimportant mine on the east side of Bear hill in this town, and one or 
two in the vicinity of Round pond. To these may be added the Smith Mine , which was 
opened in 1828, and is about a mile and a half south of Kronkite’s Landing, between the 
Crow’s Nest and Butter hill. The bed or vein of ore, which is strongly magnetic, is three or 
four feet thick, and dips with the gneissoid rocks in which it is contained. It has, however, 
been abandoned.* 
The Forest of Dean Mine is situated about five miles west of Fort Montgomery, on the 
Hudson. The vein is from thirty to thirty-six feet in width, and has been opened for the 
distance of one hundred and fifty yards or more. The ore is attracted by the magnet, and is 
usually free from sulphur. When employed alone, it is said to afford a cold short iron; but 
when mixed with the ore from the next mine, it yields an iron of good quality for bars and 
for castings. 
This mine is one of the first that was opened in this county, and perhaps in the State. It 
supplied a furnace on the spot for twenty-one years previously to 1777, when it was abandoned. 
Since that time, the ore has been used at Queensborough and other places. 
The Queensborough, Mine is another extensive deposit of the magnetic oxide of iron in the 
vicinity of the preceding. It has been long opened, and much ore obtained from it. 
Green's and Titus' Mines. These are situated on Deer hill, near the village of Canterbury. 
The ore, which is contained in the gneiss rock, is granular, easily broken, and is associated 
with quartz, feldspar and actynolite. The ore is said to be of good quality, but the extent of 
the deposit is not known. 
In the vicinity of the preceding locality, the same ore is found associated with ilmenite and 
zircon. 
Putnam County. Several extensive and important deposits of the magnetic oxide of iron 
occur in this county. 
The Philips Vein, as it has been called, has been traced, at short intervals, for about eight 
miles, and is thought by Mr. Mather to be continuous throughout the whole of that distance, 
except where it is interrupted by dykes and transverse heaves of the strata. It follows the 
crest of the east ridge of the Highlands ; its width varying from three to thirty feet.f Several 
mines have been opened on this vein, and some of them are now worked. The following are 
those most worthy of notice. 
The Philips Mine is a deposit of the magnetic oxide of iron fifteen or twenty feet in width. 
It is situated on the Cold Spring turnpike in Philipstown, about eight miles southeast of 
Mather. New-York Geological Reports, 1839. 
t New-York Geological Reports, 1839. 
