16 
ECONOMICAL MINERALOGY. 
vicinity, previously to their being used in the furnace. In the present case, this process 
seems to be especially indicated. 
About a mile west of the Sanford Mine, is the Barnum Mine, which has apparently been 
largely worked. The ore is strongly magnetic, is often compact, and almost entirely free 
from foreign minerals, but is in general mixed with quartz. Black hornblende is also one of 
the associates of this ore, and some of the specimens of this mineral, from the walls of the 
mine, are of large size and of great beauty. Masses of labradorite were also found strewed 
on the surface of the ground near this mine. 
HalVs Mines. These are deposits of magnetic iron ore, about a quarter of a mile north of 
Hall’s inn. They are similar in their general characters to the other deposits in this vicinity, 
more nearly resembling beds or alternations in the strata of primitive rock than true veins. 
The ore is magnetic, and its principal associate is quartz, veins of which sometimes traverse 
it, and occasionally exhibit crystalline forms. A reddish feldspar, of some beauty, is some¬ 
times found here ; and I also noticed, in the second opening, specimens of pyroxene, horn¬ 
blende, and the crystals of phosphate of lime, similar to those found at the Sandford Mine. 
Brown zircon, exhibiting some interesting crystalline forms, was found in a small vein of white 
quartz running through the ore. 
The Hall ore is highly esteemed at the furnaces in this region, and is said to yield an iron 
of an excellent quality. It is usually washed before it is employed by the iron smelter. 
It should be observed, that a vein of pulverulent black matter runs through the Hall Mine, 
probably consisting of peroxide of iron. I also obtained a few specimens of jaspery iron ore, 
or an intimate mixture of the peroxide with quartz. 
In the vicinity of the preceding are the Everest and Green, and the Everest Mines, and 
others, which are all deposits of magnetic ore, of greater or less extent, and exhibit the same 
general appearances. At the Everest Mine, however, a circumstance occurs, which, although 
not very uncommon, is nevertheless worthy of notice. It is the occurrence in the same vein or 
bed, and as it were passing into each other, of the black magnetic oxide and the red or specular 
iron ore. There can, I think, be little doubt that the latter was originally a magnetic ore, which, 
by those agencies which are believed to have been subsequently operating, has been brought 
to its present state of oxidation. 
But the most extensive deposits of the magnetic oxide of iron in this county, occur in the 
town of Newcomb. These have been already so minutely described by Dr. Emmons, that 
I shall notice them briefly. 
Sandford Mine. This is situated on the western face of a hill which rises 600 or 700 feet 
above Lake Sandford, and is about two miles south of the village of McIntyre. The ore is 
usually granular, with a crystalline structure in the mass, but is rarely compact; it is some¬ 
times friable, forming the shot ore of the miners. The surface masses of ore are magnetic, 
but seldom possess polarity. In descending, the structure becomes slaty, and the layers have 
an easterly dip. These layers are often intermixed with hypersthene and granular feldspar. 
The shape of this vein or deposit of ore, which has been exposed, is nearly triangular; 
and from excavations which have been made, it is ascertained that its length is sixteen hundred 
