144 
ECONOMICAL MINERALOGY. 
Saquoit Springs. In the town of Paris, in the same county, nine and a half miles south of 
Utica, are the Saquoit mineral and burning springs, the waters of which are highly charged 
with sulphuretted hydrogen, and contain the chlorides of sodium and magnesium in consider¬ 
able quantities, together with a little sulphate of lime and a trace of iron. The gas rises from 
the water in such abundance as to allow of its being conducted through tubes, and to be kept 
constantly burning. 
Madison County. The most important sulphur springs in this county, are those in the 
vicinity of the village of Chittenango. They are situated in the valley of the Chittenango 
creek, and issue from the hill of calciferous slate, which here forms its eastern boundary. 
One of these springs is on the lands of the late John B. Yates, Esq., about a mile south of the 
village. The temperature, at the time of my visit, was 49° F. Its water is limpid, and emits 
a strong odour of sulphuretted hydrogen, with which it is sufficiently charged to blacken silver 
and the salts of lead. Its specific gravity is 1.00341. The following is the composition in 
a pint, according to my analysis : 
Carbonate of lime,. 0.88 grains. 
Sulphate of soda,. 1.66 “ 
Sulphates of lime and magnesia,_ 12.75 “ 
Chloride of sodium,.. 0.14 “ 
Organic matter,. trace. 
15.43 grains. 
Besides the sulphuretted hydrogen, the water contains a small portion of carbonic acid gas. 
Another interesting spring is found on the farm of Judge Warner, about two miles south 
of the village. The water at this place rushes out of a crevice in the rock, at the rate, ac¬ 
cording to the measurement of Mr. Warner and myself, of about thirty-eight gallons in a 
minute. When fresh from the spring, it has an opaline or milky appearance, and a strong 
sulphureous odour. This milkiness I found it to retain, even after eighteen hours exposure 
to the air. Upon being boiled, the water becomes clear, and a whitish precipitate is deposited, 
which is principally sulphate of lime ; to which, indeed, its peculiar appearance may be as¬ 
cribed. All the sulphur springs which I have thus far examined, with this single exception, 
are perfectly limpid; and Mr. Warner has given this the characteristic name of the Chitte¬ 
nango White Sulphur Spring. 
The temperature of this spring is about 49°. Its water is so strongly charged with the 
sulphuretted hydrogen gas, that its odour is not only perceptible at a considerable distance, 
but its peculiar chemical effect is to be observed upon the bathing and lodging houses in the 
vicinity. Its specific gravity is 1.00254. The following is the composition in a pint : 
Carbonate of lime,... 1.33 grains. 
Sulphate of lime, ..... 8.22 “ 
Sulphate of magnesia, ..... 3.11 “ 
Chloride of sodium, and vegetable matter, a minute quantity. 
12.66 grains. 
